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Chapter 11 Name Date You and your colleagues are constructing a 1 pedigree for a boy with cystic fibrosis. The individual’s younger brother has also been diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. How would these brothers be represented in a pedigree? A Both would be represented as completely shaded circles. B Both would be represented as completely shaded squares. C The older brother would be a shaded square, while the younger brother would be a half-shaded square. D Both would be represented as unshaded squares. 2 Which disorder is treated by restricting milk in the diet? A albinism B cystic fibrosis C galactosemia D Tay-Sachs disease Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. man carrying the allele for Huntington’s 3 Adisease marries a woman who is homozygous recessive for the allele. What is the probability that their offspring will develop Huntington’s disease? A 25 percent B 50 percent C 75 percent D 100 percent diagram below illustrates fertilization 4 Which that would lead to development of a normal human female? 8 8 8 gene for brown eyes (B) is dominant over the 5 The gene for blue eyes (b). Two brown-eyed people have a blue-eyed child. Which genotypes make this possible? A The mother and father are both homozygous brown eyed (BB). B The mother is homozygous brown eyed (BB) and the father is heterozygous brown-eyed (Bb). C The mother is heterozygous brown-eyed (Bb), and the father is homozygous brown-eyed (BB). D The mother and the father are both heterozygous brown-eyed (Bb). During warm temperatures of summer, the 6 arctic fox produces enzymes that cause its fur to become reddish brown. During the cold temperatures of winter, these enzymes do not function. As a result, the fox has a white coat that blends into the snowy background. What explains this change in color? A The genes of a fox are made of unstable DNA. B Mutations can be caused by temperature extremes. C Random alteration of DNA can occur on certain chromosomes. D The expression of certain genes is affected by temperature. Which does NOT play a role in determining an 7 individual’s sex? A B C D gametes chromosomes meiosis autosomes 89 " ! 88 Class 8 88 # STANDARDIZED TEST PRACTICE 9 $ CHAPTER 11 21 Chapter 11 Name Date can you conclude about the trait followed 8 What in the pedigree below? Class woman who is not colorblind is married to a bm Aman who is not colorblind. They have, however, a son who is red-green colorblind. What is the mother’s genotype? A XBXB B XBXb C XbXb D XBX generation. B It is coded for a sex-linked gene. C It affects only females. D The trait shows polygenic inheritance. individual has type AB blood. His father has 9 An type A blood and his mother has type B blood. What is the individual’s phenotype an example of? A simple recessive heredity B simple dominant heredity C incomplete dominance D codominance the blood cells in the picture below. bk Study Describe the genotype for the individual with these types of cells. traits, such as stem length in plants and bn Many skin color and height in humans, are controlled by two or more genes. What is this called? A simple dominant inheritance B monogenic inheritance C polygenic inheritance D codominance micrograph of matched pairs of human bo Achromosomes can be used to confirm the overall condition of homologous chromosomes in an individual. What is this diagnostic tool called? A karyotype B telomere C polygenic trait D twin testing controlled by genes on the X chromosome bp Traits are called sex-linked traits. In what individuals Normal red blood cell A B C D Sickle cell homozygous recessive heterozygous homozygous dominant codominant are recessive sex-linked traits more commonly expressed? A males because they have a Y chromosome B females because they have two X chromosomes C children who later outgrow conditions brought on by the traits D males because they have only one X chromosome syndrome is the result of an extra bl Down chromosome 21 in a gamete. What caused this to happen? A nondisjunction B telomeres C environment D chromosome inactivation 22 CHAPTER 11 STANDARDIZED TEST PRACTICE Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. A It is incompletely dominant in every other