Download BIOS 205 Test 3 April 9, 2012 Form A

BIOS 205 Test 3 April 9, 2012 Form A 1.
In today’s biology, DNA is the heredity molecules. However, during early evolution of
life cell, the first macromolecule that determined heredity was: a) proteins b) carbohydrates
c) RNA d) DNA
2.
Which of the following is NOT a domain in the three-domain system for classifying
living organisms?
a) Animalia; b) Bacteria; c) Archaea; d) Eukarya
The following scientists made significant contributions to microbiology in history, match their
contributions in the following question 3-7
a) van Leeuwenhoek; b) Pasteur; c) Koch; d) Jenner; e) Fleming
3.
Who first observed the microbes using a simple microscope
4.
Who experimentally proved the biogenesis theory
5.
Who discovered the first antibiotic
6.
Who proved Bacillus anthracis causes anthrax
7.
Who discovered the cowpox virus can be used as a vaccine for smallpox.
8.
In the four growth phases of a normal bacterial growth curve, which one has the most
rapid increase of cell numbers?
a) Lag phase; b) Log phase; c) Stationary phase; d) Decline phase
9.
In the lag phase of a normal bacterial growth curve, bacteria are metabolically active
without significant change of cell number
a) True; b) False
10.
Which of the following temperature will most likely kill a mesophile?
a) 40C; b)600C; c) 370C
11.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Which of the following is NOT a distinguishing characteristic of prokaryotic cells?
Their DNA is enclosed within a nucleus membrane
They lack membrane-enclosed organelles
They have cell walls containing peptidoglycan
None of the above
Match the best answer to the following statements (questions 12-14):
a) thermophile; b) psychrophile; c) halophile;
12.
General term used for bacteria capable of growth at 00C
13.
Bacteria that grow in high salt concentration
14.
Members of archea with an optimal growth temperature of 800C or higher.
15.
Which of the following is NOT true about a gram positive cell wall?
a) It maintains the cell shape
b) It is sensitive to lysozyme
c) It protects the cell in the hypertonic environment (high salt solution for example)
d) It contains the teichoic acids.
16.
Which of the following is NOT true about gram-negative cell walls?
a) They protect cells in a hypotonic environment
b) They have an extra out layer composed of lipoproteins, lipopolysaccharides and
phospholipids
c) They are toxic to humans due to the lipid A
d) They have a thick peptidoglycan and very sensitive to penicillin
17.
Where are phospholipids found in a prokaryotic cell?
a) Flagella
b) Plasma membrane
c) Ribosome
d) All above
18.
Which of the following is not true of prokaryotic cells?
a) They have a semirigid cell wall.
b) They are motile by means of flagella.
c) They posess 80S ribosomes.
d) They reproduce by binary fission.
Based on the following, answer questions 19 to 23
a) obligate aerobe b) obligate anaerobe c) facultative anaerobe d) aerotolerant
anaerobe e) microaerophile
19.
Killed by the presence of oxygen
20.
Will not grow without oxygen
21.
The organism will grow aerobically using oxygen or anaerobically
22.
Requires oxygen at a reduced level
23.
The organism grows fermentatively, without using O2 (indifferent) aerobically and
anaerobically
24.
The term peptidoglycan layer is another name for: a) outer membrane b) cell membrane
c) cell wall d) ribosomal protein e) none of the above
25.
Which of the following statements is NOT true?
a) Virus contains DNA or RNA
b) The nucleic acid of a virus is surrounded by a protein coat.
c) Viruses multiply inside living cells using viral ribosomes, mRNA, and tRNA.
26.
Viruses are different from bacteria because viruses are not composed of cells,
a) True; b) False.
27.
Which of the following is NOT true about viruses?
a) Virus contains DNA or RNA but never both
b) Virus contains a protein coat
c) Virus uses the anabolic machinery of infected cells for viral replication
d) None of the above
28.
HIV is a “life-long” disease (hard to cure) because a retrovirus has the capability to
integrate its viral DNA into the host cell chromosome and replicate together with the host
chromosome.
a) True; b) False
29.
Virus is NOT sensitive to antibiotics and the viral diseases are hard to cure by antibiotics
a) True; b) False
30.
Which of the following is NOT a method of culturing virus?
a) In lab media
b) In embryonated eggs
c) In cell culture
31. Many organisms are haploid. This means that they: a) are small compared to other
organisms b) reproduce asexually c) have only 1 copy of each chromosome d) move using
flagella e) use photosynthesis to get their food
32. A monophyletic group consists of: a) only extinct organisms derived from a common
ancestor b) all organisms that share a common characteristic such as wings c) several different
common ancestors and all of their descendants d) a common ancestor and all of its descendants
e) a common ancestor and some of its descendants
33. The group that is descended from earliest members of a clade to diverge from the main group
is called a: a) fossil group b) primitive group c) basal group d) derived group e) monophyletic
group
34. Which of these is an example of convergent evolution: a) the bones in a bat’s wing are
similar to the bones in the human hand b) snakes have no legs despite having ancestors with legs
c) photosynthesis is found in plants and in many protists d) oomycetes (which are protists) and
fungi have a similar pattern of growth and feeding e) birds and some dinosaurs had feathers
35. Which of these features defines a eukaryote: a) cell division by mitosis b) DNA in a
membrane-bound nucleus c) sexual reproduction using meiosis d) mitochondria (or evidence
that mitochondria were once present) e) presence of a cytoskeleton
36. The process of going from diploid to haploid is called: a) mitosis b) meiosis c) fertilization
d) pollination e) flagellation
37. Secondary endosymbiosis involves: a) a eukaryote swallowing a prokaryote b) a prokaryote
swallowing a eukaryote c) a eukaryote swallowing another eukaryote d) a prokaryote
swallowing another prokaryote e) secondary endosymbiosis does not happen
38. Which of these statements about protists is true: a) protists are a monophyletic group b)
protists are all unicellular c) protists all contain plastids d) protists all have flagella e) protists
are eukaryotes that are not plants, animals, or fungi
39. An autotroph is an organism that: a) moves under its own power b) has no means of
locomotion c) gets its energy from light d) gets its energy from organic molecules e) gets
energy both from sunlight and from organic molecules
40. Organisms that reproduce asexually: a) have only 1 parent that is genetically identical to the
offspring; b) have 2 parents that are genetically identical to the offspring; c) have only 1
parent that is genetically different from the offspring; d) have 2 parents that are genetically
different from the offspring; e) have multiple parents
41. Which occurred first, the origin of the plastid or the origin of the mitochondria? a) plastid
b) mitochondria c) both occurred at the same time d) it depends on which group of organisms
is being discussed e) neither
42. The most basal group in the eukaryotes is thought to be: a) Archaeplastida b) Unikonts c)
Rhizarians d) Chromalveolates e) Excavata
43. A group that probably originated from the secondary endosymbiosis of a red alga is: a)
Archaeplastida b) Unikonts c) Rhizarians d) Chromalveolates e) Excavata
44. The malaria parasite, Plasmodium, is a member of which of these groups: a) parabasalids b)
dinoflagellates c) oomycetes d) nucleariids e) apicomplexans
45. The stramenopiles are characterized by: a) excavated feeding groove in their body b)
reduced or non-existent mitochondria c) protective shells d) plastids derived from primary
endosymbiosis e) a hairy flagellum that pulls them through the water
46. The group of protists that are all multicellular is: a) green algae b) brown algae c)
rhizarians d) ciliates e) kinetoplasts
47. Epigenetic inheritance means: a) traits are inherited through the DNA nucleotide sequence
b) traits are inherited without affecting the DNA sequence c) traits are inherited directly from
grandparent to grandchild, skipping a generation d) traits are induced by environmental
conditions and not inherited e) traits are inherited through endosymbiosis
48. The group that is thought to be ancestral to the animal kingdom is: a) diplomonads b)
diatoms c) apicomplexans d) foraminiferans e) choanoflagellates
49. When do diatoms undergo meiosis: a) never: all reproduction is asexual b) during a yearly
mating season c) when their shell gets too small d) when they parasitize an animal host e) when
nutrients become limiting
50. The Irish potato famine was caused by Phytophthora, a member of which group: a)
foraminiferans b) radiolarians c) ciliates d) oomycetes e) diplomonads