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Singled-Celled Organisms Protists Bacteria Viruses Protists Eukaryotes – have a nucleus Most have mitochondria for cellular respiration Most have chloroplasts to make their own food Most live in water There are good protists and bad protists Good protists are able to create O2 through photosynthesis Bad protists cause disease in humans Found in fresh water and ocean No harmful effects on humans or environment Bacteria Smallest and simplest forms of life on the earth Prokaryotes – do not have a nucleus Do not have most of the organelles Have only 1 DNA molecule which controls their functions 1 spoonful of garden soil may have 1010 bacteria There are good bacteria and bad bacteria Good bacteria make oxygen and nutrients for other plants and animals Bad bacteria cause disease in humans Bacterial Disease • Bacteria and Protists that cause disease are called Pathogens. • Pathogens invade the body of other organism and interfere with the normal cell functions. Neisseria gonorrhoeae Salmonella enteriditis Viruses Lack most of the characteristics of living cells,therefore most scientists do not call them living cells Do not move around by themselves Do not use energy Do not grow ALL THEY DO IS REPRODUCE! Only have 1 piece of DNA with a protective coating of protein How viruses reproduce • The virus invades another cell, that cell is called a host cell. The virus uses that host’s DNA to reproduce. Influenza virus Influenza virus Herpes Virus Herpes Virus Hepatitis B virus causes both acute and chronic liver infections Rotaviruses infect the lining of the intestine and cause diarrhea , especially in children.