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Download Genetics 310 Practice exam III-1
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Transcript
Genetics 310 Practice exam III-1 1. What are the two types of molecules found in eukaryotic chromosomes? 2. True or False? ____ Man has more DNA per genome than all other organisms. ____ The number of chromosomes is a direct reflection of the amount of DNA/genome in a species. ____ All of the DNA in a eukaryote is unique sequence DNA, meaning that it codes for enzymes or recognition signals such as promoters. ____ Each human chromosome is metacentric. 3. Write the standard karyotype of a normal human female. ___________ 4. List 3 sex-linked single gene traits. 1; 2; 3 ] 5. A sex linked dominant gene would be: (true or false) _____ 1. passed from an affected man to all his sons _____ 2. Passed from an affected man to all his daughters _____ 3. passed from a normal female to half her sons _____ 4. passed from a normal female to half her daughters 6. Fill in the chart below describing 4 different cases of abnormal numbers of sex chromosomes in humans: Sex Chromosme Composition Name of Syndrome Phenotypic Sex Fertile? Female no XXY TriploX Male 7. Why is the use of testosterone not beneficial to XY individuals with the tfm gene? 8. What is a Barr body? 9. Give a legend that will explain the inheritance of pattern baldness. 10. In Drosophila: E_ = normal ee = ebony V_ = normal wing vein vv = veinlet (missing vein) In a cross of a normal , normal female to an ebony veinlet male, the following progeny were obtained: normal, normal normal, veinlet ebony, normal ebony, veinlet 44 6 6 44 a) Are the genes linked? _______ If so, at what distance? _________ b) Give the genotype of the male _________ and the female___________ 11. List 3 crucial technical advances that permitted the assignment of genes to human chromosomes: 1; 2; 3; 12. a) How are triploid plants produced? b) What is their practical value? c) Give an example. 13. Define the term "monosomy". 14. a) What is the chromosomal composition of an individual with Down's syndrome? _________ b) What evidence can you site that shows Down's can pass through the egg? _________ c) How can the frequent recurrence of Down's in some families be explained? _________ 15. List two types of chromosomal aberrations that can cause semi-sterility in heterozygotes. 16. Which chromosomal aberration has the apparent effect of suppressing crossing over? 17. Which chromosomal aberration produces the following synaptic configuration? 18. What fraction of spontaneous abortions have chromosomal aberrations? 19. Give an example of a genetic defect that can be detected during amniocentesis based on: a) a missing enzyme b) an extra chromosome c) only with a DNA probe 20. What is the Lyon hypothesis? What does it explain?
