Download Flushing High School

ICP ECHS: BIOLOGY I; Mrs. Smith
NAME:________________
Study Guide: TOPICS: Life Functions, The Scientific Method, Cells/Cell Organelles & Transport
Biology Textbook – pages: 3 – 5, 8 – 10, 15 – 17 AND Chapter 7 (pg. 168 – 199)
Complete the Study Guide to get 6 extra points
I. Life Functions:
A. Define the following terms:
1. nutrition: __ ____________________________________________________________________
i. autotrophic: ______________________________________________________________
ii. heterotrophic: ____________________________________________________________
2. transport: ______________________________________________________________________
i. absorption: _______________________________________________________________
ii. circulation: _______________________________________________________________
3. respiration: _____________________________________________________________________
i. aerobic respiration: ________________________________________________________
ii. anaerobic respiration: _____________________________________________________
4. excretion: ______________________________________________________________________
5. synthesis: ______________________________________________________________________
6. regulation: _____________________________________________________________________
7. metabolism: ____________________________________________________________________
8. reproduction: ___________________________________________________________________
i. sexual reproduction: _______________________________________________________
ii. asexual reproduction: _____________________________________________________
9. homeostasis: ____________________________________________________________________
10. genes: ________________________________________________________________________
II. Scientific Method:
A. What are the steps of the Scientific Method?
1. _____________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________
3. _____________________________________________
4. _____________________________________________
5. _____________________________________________
B. Define HYPOTHESIS. __________________________________________________________________
C. What is the difference between a manipulated variable and a responding variable in a controlled
experiment? ____________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
D. How can we find the CONTROL? __________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
E. Define Controlled Variables: ______________________________________________________________
F. Explain how you decide whether you should use a bar graph or a line graph: ______________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
G. Know how to read a:
1. graduated cylinder: ____________________________________________________________
2. thermometer
3. metric ruler (answer: 1 m = _____ cm, 1 cm = _____ mm, 1mm = _____ µm)
H. Vocabulary review: Use the words below to fill in the blanks with terms from the chapter.
controlled experiment
homeostasis
manipulated
data
hypothesis
1. The process by which an organism keeps internal conditions fairly constant is _________________ .
2. A(An) _______________________________ is a procedure that changes only one variable at a time and
keeps the others constant.
3. The information you gather from observations makes up your ________________________.
4. A(An) _________________________ is a proposed and testable scientific explanation for a set of
observations.
5. In a controlled experiment, the variable that is changed is called the ___________________ variable.
I. You have been assigned to design an experiment to determine the effects of light on the growth of tomato
plants. In your experimental design be sure to:
a) state one hypothesis to be tested: __________________________________________________________
b) identify the independent variable in the experiment: _________________________________________
c) describe the type of data to be collected: ____________________________________________________
I.
Cell Theory
A. How did Robert Hooke contribute to the cell theory? ________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
B. How did Rudolph Virchow contribute to the development of the cell theory? ____________
______________________________________________________________________________
C. List three components of the Cell Theory:
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
II.
Cell Structure
A. List the Levels of Organization (from least complex to most complex):
_____________________________________________________________________________
B. Define:
1. Organelles: ____________________________________________________________
2. Cells: _________________________________________________________________
3. Tissues: _______________________________________________________________
4. Organs: _______________________________________________________________
5. Organ systems: ________________________________________________________
6. Organism: ____________________________________________________________
C. Describe the function of each of the following:
1. nucleus: ____________________________________________________________________
i. nucleolus: _____________________________________________________________
ii. chromatin: ___________________________________________________________
iii. chromosome: _________________________________________________________
2. ribosomes: __________________________________________________________________
3. endoplasmic reticulum: _______________________________________________________
i. smooth ER: ___________________________________________________________
ii. rough ER: ____________________________________________________________
4. Golgi apparatus: ____________________________________________________________
5. vacuole: ___________________________________________________________________
i. How does the contractile vacuole in a paramecium help maintain homeostasis?
_______________________________________________________________________________
6. lysosome: _________________________________________________________________
7. mitochondria: ______________________________________________________________
8. chloroplast: ________________________________________________________________
i. chlorophyll: __________________________________________________________
9. cytoskeleton: ________________________________________________________________
i. microfilaments: ________________________________________________________
ii. microtubules: _________________________________________________________
iii. centrioles: ___________________________________________________________
10. cytoplasm: _________________________________________________________________
11. cell (plasma) membrane: _____________________________________________________
i. The core of nearly all cell membranes is a double-layered sheet called a(an) ____________
12. cell wall: __________________________________________________________________
i. In what organisms are cell walls found? ________________________________________
D. Be able to identify cell structures in a diagram (review your class work).
E. Use the Venn Diagram below to compare and contrast plant and animal cells:
F. Complete the table about the two basic categories of cells:
Category
Definition
Organisms whose cells
lack nuclei
Examples
Organisms whose cells
contain nuclei
III.
Cell Transport: Define each of the following
A. Passive Transport: _____________________________________________________________
1. Diffusion: _____________________________________________________________
2. Osmosis: ______________________________________________________________
3. Facilitated diffusion: ____________________________________________________
B. Active Transport: _____________________________________________________________
1. Endocytosis: ___________________________________________________________
2. Exocytosis: ____________________________________________________________
3. Phagocytosis: __________________________________________________________
4. Pinocytosis: ___________________________________________________________
C. What is meant when a system has reached equilibrium? _________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
D. What does it mean that biological membranes are selectively permeable? ___________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
E. Match the situation to the description.
Situation
____ 16. Two solutions are isotonic.
____ 17. A solution is hypertonic.
____ 18. A solution is hypotonic.
Description
a. The solution is above strength in solute.
b. The solutions are the same strength.
c. The solution is below strength in solute.
F. What is the role of protein channels in the cell membrane? ______________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
G. Is the following sentence true or false? Facilitated diffusion does not require the cell to use
energy. _______________________________
H. The energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against a
concentration difference is called ___________________________________ .
I. Look at the beakers on the left. In the
beakers on the right, draw in any
changes in water level or number of
solute particles on each side of the
membrane that occur as a result of the
described process.
IV.
J. Look at the diagrams. Label each as either
facilitated diffusion or active transport.
Microscope:
A. How do we calculate the total magnification? _______________________________________