Download Name: BIOLOGY - CHAPTER 7 REVIEW 1 . The basic unit of living

Name:
BIOLOGY - CHAPTER 7 REVIEW
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. The basic unit of living things is called a/an . . .
. The only structure that ALL cells, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic, have in common is the . . .
. A protein fiber that forms the cell's supporting network is the . . .
. The first scientist who used the term "cell" was . . .
. The only reason that modern microscopic magnification is NOT limited to 1000X is because of the
invention of the . . .
. Ribosomes are manufactured in the . . .
. If liver cells' smooth endoplasmic reticulum are damaged by excess alcohol consumption, the liver
cells lose their ability to . . .
. The process of the plasma membrane pumping excess sodium out of a cell into an environment
where there is a lower concentration of sodium is called . . .
. The scientist who revolutionized the way biologists think about the evolutionary history of
eukaryotes was . . .
. The advantage that compound-light microscopes have over electron microscopes is that they . . .
. The organelle that produces protein for a cell is the . . .
. The organelle that is large in plant cells but small or even absent in animal cells is the . . .
. The organelles called the "powerhouse of the cell" are the . . .
. The type of microscope that can magnify thin slices of cells is a/an . . .
. Large, complex cells that contain a nucleus are called . . .
. Substances that move wastes and other materials through the plasma membrane are called . . .
. Organelles that sweep food toward a paramecium's mouthlike opening are called . . .
. The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called . . .
. Cells like bacteria that lack membrane-bound organelles are called . . .
. The central structure that defines the cell (controls its actions and contains DNA) is called the . . .
21 . A virus could easily invect a cell if not for the presence of . . .
22 . The spread of a drop of food coloring through a liquid is called . . .
23 . A pump located in a cell's plasma membrane transports what two substances across the membrane?
24 . What are the three principles of cell theory?
25 . A solution with a GREATER concentration of solutes on the outside of a cell compared to the
concentration inside the cell is called . . .
26 . A solution with a LOWER concentration of solutes on the outside of a cell compared to the
concentration inside the cell is called . . .
27 . A solution with the SAME concentration of solutes on the outside of a cell compared with the
concentration inside the cell is called . . .
28 . Explain how a selectively permeable membrane works.
29 . What is the function of a cell's nucleus?
30 . What are the main differences between plant cells and animal cells?
31 . Why are nonpolar, fatty-acid "tails" in a cell's plasma membrane essential for creating a barrier
between the cell's internal environment and its internal environment?
32 . How do the cytoskeleton, microtubules and microfilaments help support a cell's interior?
33 . How did scientific knowledge about the microscopic world advance during the 1500s and 1600s?
34 . Why do phosphate groups in the phospholipid bilayer of the plasma membrane face toward the
outside and the fatty acids face inward?
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. What is the difference between endocytosis and exocytosis?
. Which organelle creates energy for the cell?
. Which organelle produces proteins?
. Which organelle keeps unwanted substances from building up in the cell?
. Which organelle contains the cell's DNA?
. Which organelle stores cell materials (and sometimes moves it about)?
. Which organelle controls cell division?
. Which organelle acts as a distribution center for cell proteins?
. Which organelle breaks down excess microtubules?