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Transcript
History of Neurology B.F. SKINNER PHD (1904-1990) MARCH 6TH, 2017 NEUROLOGY RESIDENT MORNING REPORT B. F. SKINNER PHD (1904-1990) • • • • • • B-Susquehanna, Pennsylvania Hamilton College BA/Harvard PhD Psychology (1931) Influenced by Watson Research at Harvard till 1936 Then U Minn, U of Indiana & back to Harvard 1948-1970 Developed field of Radical Behaviorism – All actions have consequences of environmental reinforcement – Humans react the same like rats in a reward/punishment experiment 30-Second Psychology . B. F. SKINNER PHD (1904-1990) Skinner Box-operant behavior chamber He put his daughter in Skinner Box The Behavior of Organisms (1938) Respondent behaviors – are elicited by stimuli, modified by respondent conditioning called “Pavlovian conditioning" or "classical conditioning“ • Operant Behaviors – not induced by any particular stimulus, strengthened through operant conditioning, occurrence of a response yields a reinforce sensation • • • • B. F. SKINNER PHD HOW CAN COMPLEX & NOVEL BEHAVIORS BE EXPLAINED • Darwinian answer: – Behavior of an individual varies from moment to moment; a variation followed by reinforcement in others themed by becomes prominent in behavioral repertoire • Walden Two-1948 – Utopian (?Dystopian) enclosed – Fictional experimental community in USA 1940’s – Productivity and happiness of citizens in this community is great because residents practice scientific social planning and use operant conditioning for raising children. • Followed by: Beyond Freedom & Dignity (1971) 1948 1971 Who is this? . Karl Lashley PhD BF Skinner PhD Skinner’s Publications The Behavior of Organisms 1938 About Behaviorism 1974 Walden Two 1948 Particulars of My Life 1976 Science and Human Behavior 1951 Reflections on Behaviorism and Society 1978
