Download Biology Mid-term Review Question sheet

Biology Mid-term Review Questions
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70 multiple choice questions
2 essay questions (you will have a choice).
Comprehensive (August-December)
I. Biomolecules: Organic or inorganic? How do you tell?________________________________
What are the 4 classes of biomolecules? ___________________________________________
How can you tell the difference between
Carbohydrates and everything else? _____________________________
Lipids and everything else? ____________________________________
Proteins and everything else? __________________________________
Nucleic acids and everything else? ______________________________
What kind of bond holds together
Carbohydrates - ___________________
Lipids - _____________________
Nucleic acids - ________________
Proteins - ____________________
Categorize which biomolecule it is!
Starch
Hair
DNA
Cellulose
Plant cell walls
Enzymes
Organic product of photosynthesis
Component of cell membrane
Biology Mid-term Review Questions
How many different amino acids are possible? __________________________
What determines the order of the amino acids in your proteins? ____________________
II. Cells: Prokaryote
Eukaryote
Size
Age
Nucleus
Organelles
Examples
Part
Nucleus
Function
Part
Smooth ER
Cytoplasm
Golgi Body
Ribosomes
Vacuoles
Rough ER
Lysosome
Plasma membrane
Mitochondria
Chloroplasts
Cell wall
Function
Biology Mid-term Review Questions
Plant cell and Animal cell comparison and contrast
III. Transport
Label the parts of a phospholipid: (polar, nonpolar, phosphate, lipid, hydrophilic, hydrophobic)
Label the parts of a bilayer: (polar, nonpolar, phosphate, lipid, hydrophilic, hydrophobic)
Biology Mid-term Review Questions
Use the drawing below to indicate the location of inside the cell, outside of the cell, polar and nonpolar
Using the image of a cell membrane below:
Color the proteins red
Color the polar part green
Color the non polar part yellow
Add in a channel (transport) protein.
Add in a carbohydrate marker on one of the proteins
Biology Mid-term Review Questions
When we say that a lipid bilayer is semipermeable, what do we mean?
Passive transport
Requires energy
Moves molecules
Moves molecules
Active Transport
From low concentration to high
concentration
With (down) the concentration
gradient
Define osmosis:
Label the following drawings and show whether the solution OUTSIDE the cell is hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic
relative to the INSIDE of the cell and draw an arrow to indicate the direction water will move. (The cell membrane is
semipermeable but will not allow the particles to move thru…only water)
Draw a picture of onion cells, as seen in our lab activity under the 20X objective of the light microscope.
Show how the cells looked after we added concentrated salt solution to the cells. What happened to make
them look like that? What direction did water flow? What happened after we added pure water back to
the cells. Why did this happen?
Biology Mid-term Review Questions
Indicate which of the following is endocytosis and which is exocytosis. Below each one give an example of a type of
substance moved in that manner
Indicate which side is hypertonic, hypotonic and the direction water will move. Draw a prediction of what it will look like
after sitting for a few hours:
before
prediction
5% NaCl
2%
NaCl
20%
sucrose
50%
sucrose
70%
NaCl
40%
NaCl
Biology Mid-term Review Questions
IV. Energy: Is this reaction exergonic or endergonic? How can
you tell?
Give an example of endergonic and exergonic
reactions:
What is activation energy?
What do the following letters represent in the diagram
A:
B:
C:
E:
Which line (solid or dashed) represents a reaction with
an enzyme?
Give some characteristics of an enzyme:
Give 3 examples of digestive enzymes and the reactions they catalyze:
What’s an easy way to tell if a chemical named is an enzyme?
Name 4 things that can affect an enzyme functioning
Biology Mid-term Review Questions
Label the structure of ATP using the following terms: phosphate, bonds with high stored energy, sugar, and adenine
What does ATP become when it loses one phosphate? _______________ two phosphates?_______________
The first living things to take incoming energy and transform it to chemical energy (glucose) are called _______________
or ____________________. The energy flows from those organisms to ____________________ or
______________________ that must eat to obtain energy
Give 3 kinds of organisms that are photosynthetic:
What is fermentation? When does it occur and what are the byproducts?
The breakdown of glucose begins in the cytoplasm with which process? How many ATP does it produce? What other
molecule is generated?
Cellular respiration
What
Where
Who
What goes in (reactant)
What comes out (product)
Reaction (balanced)
Photosynthesis
Biology Mid-term Review Questions
Where in a plant does photosynthesis occur? (Be specific).
How are cellular respiration and photosynthesis INTERDEPENDENT?
Where is the ATP synthase found in eukaryotic cells? (more than one place!). How does it work?
Describe the electron transport chain of photosynthesis. How is it similar to the ETC of cellular respiration?
Define chemiosmosis.
Biology Mid-term Review Questions
Name the following
:
Producers
1st trophic level
2nd trophic level
3rd trophic level
4th trophic level
Herbivores
Carnivores
Omnivores
1st level consumer
2nd level consumer
3rd level consumer
If the phytoplankton has 1468 kilo calories of energy, how much of that is stored in the bald eagle if:
Phytoplankton à benthic invertebratesà sea ducksà bald eagle
Biology Mid-term Review Questions
V. Viruses Describe the structure of a virus. How is this different from the structure of a living cell?
How do viruses reproduce?
VI. Characteristics of Life List the 6 defining characteristics of life.