Download Allele: one of a pair of alternative forms of a gene that occur at a

Allele: one of a pair of alternative forms of a gene
that occur at a given locus in a chromosome.
Codominance: Co dominance is the equal and
independent expression of the two alleles of a trait
when they are present together in an individual.
Coenzyme: Substance necessary for the activity of
an enzyme.
Dominance: A condition in which one member of an
allele pair is manifested to the exclusion of the other.
Duplicate genes: Two or more independent genes
present on different chromosomes which determine
the same or nearly same phenotype.
Epistasis: It is the phenomenon of masking or
suppressing the expression of a gene by another
nonallelic gene
Epistatic gene: The gene which suppresses the
expression of a non allelic gene is known as Epistatic
gene.
F1: The first filial generation; the first generation of
descent from a given matting.
F2: The second filial generation produced by selfing F1
individuals.
Gamete: A mature male or female reproductive cell (
sperm or egg)
Gene: A hereditary determinant of a specific biological
function; a unit of inheritance (DNA) located in a fixed
position on a chromosome.
Genotype: the genetic constitution of an organism.
Heterozygote: An organism with unlike members of
any given pair of alleles that consequently produces
unlike gametes.
Homozygote: An individual in which the two copies of
a gene are the same allele.
Hypostatic gene: The gene or locus which is
suppressed by the presence of non allelic gene is
termed as Hypostatic gene.
Incomplete dominance: Expression of two alleles in
a heterozygote that allows the heterozygote to be
distinguished from either of its homozygous parents
Intergenic gene interection: Interaction between
the
alleles
of
the
two
different
genes.
Complementary genes: Those non-allelic genes
which independently show a similar effect but produce
a new trait when present together in the dominant
form.
Intragenic gene interection: Interaction between
the alleles of the same gene.
Lethal genes: Those genes which kill the organisms
when they are able to express their effect.
Lethal mutation: A mutation that renders an
organism or a cell possessing it inviable.
Monohybrid Cross: A cross between parents
differing in only one trait or in which only one trait is
being considered.
Multiple alleles: Occurrence of a gene in more than
two alternate forms.
Phenotype: The observable characteristics of an
organism.
Pleiotropy: Condition in which the single gene
influences more than one trait.
Recessive: A term applied to one member of an
allelic pair lacking the ability to manifest itself when
the other of the dominant member is present.
Segregation: The separation of paternal and
maternal chromosomes from each other at meiosis;
the separation of alleles from each other in
heterozygotes during meiosis.
Sickle Cell Anaemia: An autosomal hereditary
disorder in which the erythrocytes become sickleshaped under oxygen deficiency.
Supplementary genes: A pair of nonallelic genes,
one of which produces its effect independently when
in dominant state, while the other is able to produce a
new trait along with the dominant allele of the former.
Suppressor Genes: A nonallelic gene which does not
produce any phenotypic expression of its own but
suppresses the expression of a non allelic gene.