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Transcript
COPY these notes into the inside of foldable with PEN or COLORED PENCILs. You may use different color pens. DO NOT USE ANY MARKERS! YOUR WORK MUST BE VERY NEAT! IF I CANNOT READ YOUR WORK, I WILL NOT GRADE YOUR ASSIGNMENT! Plant Cell Differences Plant Cell and Animal Cell Similarities Animal Cell Differences 1. Cell Wall – strong, stiff, nonliving layer that surrounds, strengthens, and supports the cell membrane 2. Chloroplasts – green organelle with two membranes and stacks of coins inside where sunlight energy is captured and used to make sugar for the plant cell through the process of photosynthesis. 3. Lysosome – round organelle that contains chemicals which digests food particles, wastes, cell parts, and other foreign invaders. Only found in SOME plants. 4. Vacuole – VERY LARGE container for the storage of water and other liquids in plants (takes up about 90% of the plant cell) 1. Cell Membrane – a phospholipid layer surrounding the cell that controls what enters and leaves the cell; it also keeps the cytoplasm inside. 2. Cytoplasm – clear, jelly-like fluid that holds all of the cell organelles in place. 3. Endoplasmic Reticulum – flattened sacks stacked side by side, known as “the transportation center” of the cell because they form a network of passageways to carry materials throughout the cell; makes lipids; breaks down drugs and other substances; can be smooth or rough. 4. Golgi Bodies – flattened sacs similar to the endoplasmic reticulum that modify (change), package, and transport materials to other parts of the cell. Located close to the cell membrane. 5. Mitochondria – bean-shaped organelle which is “the powerhouse” of the cell. It makes energy for the cell to use by breaking down food molecules to make ATP. 6. Nuclear Membrane – a thin layer which covers the nucleus and protects the DNA and other materials inside the nucleus. 7. Nucleolus – dark spot INSIDE the nucleus which stores the materials that are used to make ribosomes. 8. Nucleus – large spot in the middle of eukaryotic cells that contains all the cell’s DNA. It is the control center of the cell because it directs ALL of the cell’ 9. Ribosome – smallest and most abundant organelle in the cell that function as factories to male proteins for the cell out of amino acids. They may be attached to the endoplasmic reticulum or they may float around freely in the cytoplasm. 1. Cytoskeleton – a type of protein framework inside of animal cells which gives them their shape. ANIMAL CELLS DO NOT HAVE CELL WALLS! 5. Lysosome – round organelle that contains chemicals which digests food particles, wastes, cell parts, and other foreign invaders. Found in ALL animal cells and are more numerous in animal cells than in plant cells. 2. Vacuole – small container for storage of food, water, waste and other materials.