Download Study Guide for Chapter 1.2 and Chapter 2 Cells Test

Study Guide for Chapter 1.2 and Chapter 2 Cells Test
1.
Chapter 1 Section 2 (p.16-20)
 Cells –
the basic units of all living things

Homeostasisan organisms ability to maintain a steady condition no matter what is going on outside the
body

The size of an organism is due to what?
How many cells that organism has, not the size of the cells. The more cells the bigger the
organism.
2. Chapter 2 section 1 (p.40-47)
 4 parts that all cells have
1. cell membrane
2. cytoplasm

3. DNA
4. Ribosomes
Each cell part and it’s function (both plant and animal)
Cell Part
Cell Membrane
Cell Wall
Chloroplast
ER
Golgi Body
Lysosome
Vacuole
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Ribosome
Cytoplasm
Function
Protects cell, and regulates what goes in and out of
cell
Plants only, gives shape and structure, and protects
Plants only, where the plant makes its food
(photosynthesis)
moves/transports materials around in the cell
Sort and package materials for transport out of the cell
Helps breaks down food and eliminates waste in the
cell.
Temporary storage of cellular material such as water,
food, and waste
Controls the cell and holds information to make new
cells
Breaks down food to make energy call ATP
Makes protein for cell activity
Gelatinlike material inside the cell. Most of the cell is
made up of cytoplasm

Difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and examples of each.
Prokaryotic
does not have a nucleus
parts do not have membranes
world’s smallest cell
example = bacteria

Progression from cell to organism:
cell

tissue
organ
organ system
organism
Difference between multicellular organisms and unicellular organisms
multicellular
made up of several cells and organ systems
cells and systems work together to keep the
organism alive

Eukaryotic
has a nucleus
has membrane bound parts
10 times larger than prokaryotic
example: all cells except bacteria
unicellular
a one celled organism
That one cell performs all the functions to keep
it alive
Examples of a single cell, tissue, organ, and organ system
single cell
bacteria
one plant cell
tissue
muscle tissue
lining of stomach
organ
lungs
kidney
organ system
respiratory system
digestive system
3. Chapter 2 section 2 (p.49-53)
 Three parts to the cell theory
1. All organisms are made up of one or more cells
2. The cell is the basic unit of all organisms
3. All cell come from other cells (cell division)

Who was the first scientist to discover cells?
Robert Hooke

What instrument is used to study cells? Know the two different types of that instrument.
-microscopes
1) modern microscopes- can be simple or compound
2) electron microscopes- much stronger magnification
4. Chapter 2 section 3 (p.54-57)
 What are viruses?
Strands of material that are surrounded by a protein. They require a host cell to multiply,
they can be helpful, and there are vaccines to help prevent certain viral diseases.
 Is a virus living or non-living??
non-living