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CPBiology DNA,RNA&ProteinSynthesis Name_____________________________________ Date_____________________ Review:DNA,RNA&ProteinSynthesis DNAStructure,Function&Replication 1. What are the base pairings in DNA? What is the sugar in DNA? 2. What are the monomers of a nucleic acid? What are the three parts that make up that monomer? 3. Label the following parts of a DNA molecule on the diagram below: Phosphate, deoxyribose, A, T, C, G 2017-05-22 20:19:32 1/4 DNA RNA Protein Synthesis Review 17.pdf (#10) CPBiology DNA,RNA&ProteinSynthesis RNA&ProteinSynthesis 4. What is a mutation? In what kinds of cells do they have to occur in order to be passed on to offspring? 5. What are the base pairs in RNA? What’s the sugar in RNA? 6. What is mRNA? What does it do in protein synthesis? 7. What is tRNA? What does it do in protein synthesis? 8. What is the role of DNA in protein synthesis? 9. What is a codon? What is an anticodon? 2017-05-22 20:19:32 2/4 DNA RNA Protein Synthesis Review 17.pdf (2/4) CPBiology DNA,RNA&ProteinSynthesis 10. What is transcription? Where does it take place? Describe the process of transcription. 11. What is translation? Where does it take place? Describe the process of translation. 12. What happens to the mRNA sequence if the DNA sequence changes? What happens to the sequence of amino acids of the DNA sequence changes? What happens to the final protein if the DNA sequence changes? If the DNA sequence changes, then the mRNA sequence will change. The amino acids may or may not change if the DNA sequence changes. (Ex: the amino acid will not change if there is a silent mutation, but an a no acid would change if there was a nonsense or miss ensue mutation. ) The final protein may or may not change if the DNA sequence changes. (Ex: a silent mutation will not effect the protein's function, but a frameshift or a nonsense or missed seeing mutation will affect the protein and its function ) 2017-05-22 20:19:32 3/4 DNA RNA Protein Synthesis Review 17.pdf (3/4) CPBiology DNA,RNA&ProteinSynthesis 13. Fill in the following table using your knowledge of transcription and translation, along with the codon wheel. Codon Anticodon Amino Acid AUG CAU GUC 14. Transcribe the following DNA sequence and then translate the mRNA into an amino acid sequence using the codon wheel. DNA T A G A A A T T T C T G G C A A C T mRNA Amino Acid 15. Describe the entire process of a protein made, from DNA to protein. Name the processes, discuss the organelles, the types of nucleic acids involved. The process of protein synthesis begins in the nucleus. Transcription occurs in the nucleus. DNA is transcribed into mRNA. Base pairs match up and create an mRNA strand. The mRNA then travels to the ribosome where translation occurs. tRNA brings amino acids to the ribosome based on the mRNA strand. The sequence of amino acids then makes a protein. 2017-05-22 20:19:33 4/4 DNA RNA Protein Synthesis Review 17.pdf (4/4)