Download Protein synthesis test review key

CPBiology
DNA,RNA&ProteinSynthesis
Name_____________________________________ Date_____________________
Review:DNA,RNA&ProteinSynthesis
DNAStructure,Function&Replication
1. What are the base pairings in DNA? What is the sugar in DNA?
2. What are the monomers of a nucleic acid? What are the three parts that make
up that monomer?
3. Label the following parts of a DNA molecule on the diagram below: Phosphate,
deoxyribose, A, T, C, G
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DNA RNA Protein Synthesis Review 17.pdf (#10)
CPBiology
DNA,RNA&ProteinSynthesis
RNA&ProteinSynthesis
4.
What is a mutation? In what kinds of cells do they have to occur in order to be
passed on to offspring?
5. What are the base pairs in RNA? What’s the sugar in RNA?
6. What is mRNA? What does it do in protein synthesis?
7. What is tRNA? What does it do in protein synthesis?
8.
What is the role of DNA in protein synthesis?
9. What is a codon? What is an anticodon?
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CPBiology
DNA,RNA&ProteinSynthesis
10. What is transcription? Where does it take place? Describe the process of
transcription.
11. What is translation? Where does it take place? Describe the process of
translation.
12. What happens to the mRNA sequence if the DNA sequence changes? What
happens to the sequence of amino acids of the DNA sequence changes? What
happens to the final protein if the DNA sequence changes?
If the DNA sequence changes, then the mRNA sequence will change.
The amino acids may or may not change if the DNA sequence changes. (Ex: the amino acid will not
change if there is a silent mutation, but an a no acid would change if there was a nonsense or miss
ensue mutation. )
The final protein may or may not change if the DNA sequence changes. (Ex: a silent mutation will not
effect the protein's function, but a frameshift or a nonsense or missed seeing mutation will affect the
protein and its function )
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CPBiology
DNA,RNA&ProteinSynthesis
13. Fill in the following table using your knowledge of transcription and translation,
along with the codon wheel.
Codon
Anticodon
Amino Acid
AUG
CAU
GUC
14. Transcribe the following DNA sequence and then translate the mRNA into an
amino acid sequence using the codon wheel.
DNA
T
A
G
A
A
A
T
T
T
C
T
G
G
C
A
A
C
T
mRNA
Amino Acid
15. Describe the entire process of a protein made, from DNA to protein. Name the
processes, discuss the organelles, the types of nucleic acids involved.
The process of protein synthesis begins in the nucleus. Transcription occurs in the
nucleus. DNA is transcribed into mRNA. Base pairs match up and create an mRNA strand.
The mRNA then travels to the ribosome where translation occurs. tRNA brings amino
acids to the ribosome based on the mRNA strand. The sequence of amino acids then
makes a protein.
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