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Drosophila genome
Celniker et al. 2003
Cytogenetic nomenclature
X : 1 - 20
2L : 21 - 40
2R : 41 - 60
3L : 61 - 80
3R : 81 - 100
4 : 101 - 102
Recombination
 Meiotic recombination in oogenesis
 Bigger chance of recombination if the elements are further
apart
 Shuffled balancer chromosomes to prevent recombination

http://kyotofly.kit.jp/stocks/documents/Balancers.html
 ONLY IN FEMALES!
Genetic representation
Ak/Y ; UAS Gal80ts, D::E/ Sco; F gal4, UAS RFP/ TM6b, Tb
X
Ak/ FM7; ∆B; P{EP}C/ TM3, Act GFP, Ser
http://flybase.org/static_pages/docs/nomenclature/nomenclature3.html
Glia
 Non neural cells in CNS and PNS with ectodermic or
hematopoietic origin, with the homeostasis function
 Glia: Neuron
1:1
Drosophila
10:1
Mammals
Drosophila development atlas by Volker Hartenstein
http://www.sdbonline.org/fly/atlas/00atlas.htm
Glial cells
Ransaohoff, 2010
Embryonic development
 CNS: Lateral and midline glia.
 Neurons arise from neuroblasts and gmc.
 Glia arise from glioblast and neuroglioblast
Lateral glia development initiated by gcm. (transcription factor)
repo downstream of gcm, another transcription factor
Knoblich 2001
Embryonic development
Bashaw
2010
Axons
Neurons
 Commissures and bundles
Banerjee 2007
Larval glia
 NMJs
 Brain
 Imaginal discs
Zuo 2008
Aigouy 2004
Soustelle 2007
Bristles
Neumüller 2009
Useful drivers
 Repo gal4 (aka M1B): pan glial driver. CNS and PNS
entire glia, starting from early embryonic development,
continues after terminal differentiation. Larval and
adult glia.
 Gcm gal4: embryonic glial driver.
neuroglioblast/glioblast-specific driver, limited to
development. Restricted expression in larva.
Glial drivers
 Mz97 gal4: embryonic and larval glia (Read, 2009).
Peripheral and wrapping glia. But it’s not restricted to glia.
 Nrv2 gal4: embryonic to adult CNS glial (Read, 2009)
 Eaat gal4: larval cortex glia in CNS, perisynaptic glia in
PNS (Read, 2009)
Glial drivers
 Moody gal4, surface glia in CNS (Lievens, 2008)
 Rhomboid gal4, embryonic mesectodermal/midline
glial driver
 Gliotactin gal4, peripheral glia, for NMJs (Lavery,
2007)
 Gal4-NP577, cortex glia (PNS) (Kato, 2008)
Glial drivers
 MZ709, embryonic and first star larval, peripheral glia
(Lavery, 2007)
 158 gal4, lateral glial driver
 New tools for glia
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/glia.21133/full