A decade of the anaphase-promoting complex in the nervous system
... of the novel functions and mechanisms of the anaphasepromoting complex in the nervous system. Identification of functions of the anaphase-promoting complex in the nervous system While studies of Cdc20–APC and Cdh1–APC have occupied the leading edge of cell cycle research since its identification in ...
... of the novel functions and mechanisms of the anaphasepromoting complex in the nervous system. Identification of functions of the anaphase-promoting complex in the nervous system While studies of Cdc20–APC and Cdh1–APC have occupied the leading edge of cell cycle research since its identification in ...
Examination of Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH)
... present in the anterior pituitary, intestine, placenta and thyroid gland [16, 20]. In rats, D1 is also present in the cerebral cortex with relatively low activity, but in humans, D1 is absent from the CNS [21, 22]. The main source of extra-thyroidal T3 is type 2 deiodinase (D2) that converts T4 to T ...
... present in the anterior pituitary, intestine, placenta and thyroid gland [16, 20]. In rats, D1 is also present in the cerebral cortex with relatively low activity, but in humans, D1 is absent from the CNS [21, 22]. The main source of extra-thyroidal T3 is type 2 deiodinase (D2) that converts T4 to T ...
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... However, the distribution of Slit protein within the developing CNS has not been described. In particular, whether or not Slit is present prior to the onset of dendrogenesis has not been established. Also, analyses on slit/slit mutants have so far focused on early stages of embryogenesis and, theref ...
... However, the distribution of Slit protein within the developing CNS has not been described. In particular, whether or not Slit is present prior to the onset of dendrogenesis has not been established. Also, analyses on slit/slit mutants have so far focused on early stages of embryogenesis and, theref ...
Mechanisms of axon degeneration: From development to disease
... Recent mechanistic studies of axon degeneration have highlighted how this is an active process of controlled axon self-destruction similar in many ways to the active selfdestruction of cells during apoptosis (Coleman, 2005; Low and Cheng, 2005; Luo and O’Leary, 2005; Raff et al., 2002). Although the ...
... Recent mechanistic studies of axon degeneration have highlighted how this is an active process of controlled axon self-destruction similar in many ways to the active selfdestruction of cells during apoptosis (Coleman, 2005; Low and Cheng, 2005; Luo and O’Leary, 2005; Raff et al., 2002). Although the ...
morphology and synaptic connections of ultrafine primary axons
... and most commonly in rows of varying length (Fig. 1). Within these rows, 10 to 15 endings may be visible at a single focal plane (Fig. 2). Most of the endings in the clusters can be resolved into rows of endings with small changes in focal plane. Both patterns can be found in electron micrographs. F ...
... and most commonly in rows of varying length (Fig. 1). Within these rows, 10 to 15 endings may be visible at a single focal plane (Fig. 2). Most of the endings in the clusters can be resolved into rows of endings with small changes in focal plane. Both patterns can be found in electron micrographs. F ...
Early and Rapid Targeting of Eye-Specific Axonal Projections to the
... 1978; ferret, Linden et al., 1981; cat, Shatz, 1983; mouse, Godement et al., 1984; rat, Jeffrey, 1984), using both radioactive and nonradioactive tracers to label ganglion cell axons. These studies confirmed Rakic’s main conclusion that eye-specific retinogeniculate projections emerge from a state i ...
... 1978; ferret, Linden et al., 1981; cat, Shatz, 1983; mouse, Godement et al., 1984; rat, Jeffrey, 1984), using both radioactive and nonradioactive tracers to label ganglion cell axons. These studies confirmed Rakic’s main conclusion that eye-specific retinogeniculate projections emerge from a state i ...
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the development of epilepsy
... Abstract Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological diseases, but our understanding of the detailed cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying it remains incomplete. Several pathological changes typically occur in the epileptic brain, including neuronal loss, neurogenesis, neurite growth, and ...
... Abstract Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological diseases, but our understanding of the detailed cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying it remains incomplete. Several pathological changes typically occur in the epileptic brain, including neuronal loss, neurogenesis, neurite growth, and ...
Anatomical Distribution of Serotonin- Containing
... versus non-synaptic mode of termination of the 5-HT-immunoreactive varicosities and the high number of distinct receptors, are indicative of the multiple possible actions of serotonin in the central nervous system. J. Comp. Neurol. 433:157–182, 2001. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Indexing terms: 5-hydroxy ...
... versus non-synaptic mode of termination of the 5-HT-immunoreactive varicosities and the high number of distinct receptors, are indicative of the multiple possible actions of serotonin in the central nervous system. J. Comp. Neurol. 433:157–182, 2001. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Indexing terms: 5-hydroxy ...
Andrea Kádár
... Understanding the mechanism of the melanocortin-resistance of hypophysiotropic TRH neurons during refeeding AGRP- and α-MSH-IR innervation of TRH neurons A dense network of both AGRP- and α-MSH-IR axons was observed in the PVN surrounding the TRH neurons. The density of the α-MSH-containing axons wa ...
... Understanding the mechanism of the melanocortin-resistance of hypophysiotropic TRH neurons during refeeding AGRP- and α-MSH-IR innervation of TRH neurons A dense network of both AGRP- and α-MSH-IR axons was observed in the PVN surrounding the TRH neurons. The density of the α-MSH-containing axons wa ...
PDF - Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
... concluded that GDNF-enhanced propriospinal axonal regeneration. In one study, Schwann cell myelination after SCI through grafted SC-seeded guidance channels was mediated mainly through a direct effect of GDNF on neurons (13–15). What is more，there is a report suggesting possible analgesic effect of ...
... concluded that GDNF-enhanced propriospinal axonal regeneration. In one study, Schwann cell myelination after SCI through grafted SC-seeded guidance channels was mediated mainly through a direct effect of GDNF on neurons (13–15). What is more，there is a report suggesting possible analgesic effect of ...
Netrin
Netrins are a class of proteins involved in axon guidance. They are named after the Sanskrit word ""netr"", which means ""one who guides."" Netrins are genetically conserved across nematode worms, fruit flies, frogs, mice, and humans. Structurally, netrin resembles the extracellular matrix protein laminin.Netrins are chemotropic; a growing axon will either move towards or away from a higher concentration of netrin. Though the detailed mechanism of axon guidance is not fully understood, it is known that netrin attraction is mediated through UNC-40/DCC cell surface receptors and repulsion is mediated through UNC-5 receptors. Netrins also act as growth factors, encouraging cell growth activities in target cells. Mice deficient in netrin fail to form the hippocampal comissure or the corpus callosum.A proposed model for netrin activity in the spinal column of developing human embryos is that netrins are released by the floor plate and then are picked up by receptor proteins embedded in the growth cones of axons belonging to neurons in the developing spinal column. The bodies of these neurons remain stationary while the axons follow a path defined by netrins, eventually connecting to neurons inside the embryonic brain by developing synapses. Research supports that new axons tend to follow previously traced pathways, rather than being guided by netrins or related chemotropic factors.