Download cells

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These structures are called Organelles.
....they actually do work for the cell, by
carrying out life functions.
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Organelles vary in size
They became visible to
the scientist with the
advancement of
scientific technique and
equipment.
Ex.) compound light microscope,
electron microscope and
centrifuge
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Just like the Organs of your body, organelles
work together to perform specialized
functions that help maintain HOMEOSTASIS
within the cell.
Homeostasis is a balance or steady state both
inside and outside the cell
that helps an organism to survive.
Failure of homeostasis is known as disease!
Day 2
Which sequence of terms is in the correct order
from simplest to most complex?
1. cells → tissues → organs → organ systems
2. tissues → organisms → cells → organ
systems
3. cells → tissues → organ systems → organs
4. organs → organisms → organ systems →
cells
1.
2.
3.
4.
cell
tissue
organ
system
1.
2.
3.
4.
The cell membrane forms a boundary that
separates the cellular contents from the
outside environment.
The cell membrane is capable of receiving
and recognizing chemical signals.
The cell membrane forms a barrier that
keeps all substances that might harm the
cell from entering the cell.
The cell membrane controls the movement
of molecules into and out of the cell.
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Semi-permeable
(selectively permeable)
membrane (covering)
Protects the inside of
the cell from the
outside environment
Controls what
molecules enter and
exit the cell
Recognizes chemical
signals
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Shows the parts of the cell (plasma)
membrane: lipid bi-layer (bi=2), proteins
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Allows small molecules to pass into the cell
ex.) gases (oxygen, carbon dioxide)
glucose (simple sugar)
Prevents large molecules from entering or
exiting the cell
ex.) starch
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Proteins allow large, charged and odd shaped
molecules to enter and exit the cell.
They also serve as receptor and recognition
proteins for chemical signals (life function:
REGULATION)
Located near the
center of the
cell
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Contains
genetic material
in the form of
chromosomes
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Allows transfer
of this DNA
during
REPRODUCTION
(life function)
*Nucleolus located inside nucleus and it makes ribosomes.
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Jelly-like material
inside the cell that
is eighty percent
water
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Hold the organelles
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Moves materials
around the cell
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Chemical reactions
take place here
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Small membrane bound
organelle where
cellular respiration takes place.
Cellular Respiration is the process that
converts food energy into a usable form or
ENERGY!!!  ATP (Adenosine tri-phosphate)
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Small dense organelle that
serves as the site for
protein production
Can be free in the
cytoplasm or attached to
an organelle known as the
endoplasmic reticulum.
ribosome
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Is the home of
ribosomes (protein
makers)
Transports proteins,
created by
ribosomes, to the cell
membrane where
they will be used or
secreted by the cell.
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Chlorophyll (pigment
in plants) containing
structure
Found in plants and
algae
Where photosynthesis
takes place
* Photosynthesis is the use of SOLAR energy to
combine inorganic molecules (H2O, CO2) to create the
organic molecule, glucose (sugar) .
Located in primarily animal cells
 Involved in the process of cell division
(life functions: growth/reproduction)
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Membrane bound organelle containing
 Water
 Enzymes
 And other substances
Serves as food storage (NUTRITION), nonremovable waste (EXCRETION) or secretion
products.
Lysosome is a special vacuole that aids
in nutrition using enzymes to digest by
merging with food vacuoles.
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Accepts made proteins and transports them
to cell membrane for use inside or outside
the cell.
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Provides structure and support for the cell
Protects the cell
Found mostly in plant cells, made of cellulose
cell wall
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Work like a skeleton for the plant cell!
1.
2.
3.
4.
1.
2.
3.
4.
organelles
insulin
guard cells
antibodies
1.
2.
3.
4.
a nucleus
a chromosome
a protein molecule
an enzyme molecule
1.
2.
3.
4.
cell membrane—storage of
hereditary information
chloroplast—transport of
materials
ribosome—synthesis of proteins
vacuole—production of ATP
Do Now:
State the cell Theory:
All living things are made up of
one (uni-cellular organism) or
more cells (multi-cellular organism).
o
o
Cells are the basic unit of structure and
function in organisms.
o
All cells arise from existing cells.
Cellular Diversity
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The process by which a less specialized cell
develops or matures to possess a more
distinct form and function.
State ways in which a single cell organism,
such as an ameba, and a human body cell are
alike.
1.) They contain similar
structures (organelles)
2.) They are the basic unit
that performs life function
for the organism
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Label your cell diagrams
Cell wall
Centrioles
Chloroplast
Shape of cell
1.
2.
3.
4.
structure
structure
structure
structure
1
2
3
4
These groups of cells represent
different
1.
2.
3.
4.
tissues in which similar
cells function together
organs that help to carry
out a specific life activity
systems that are
responsible for a specific
life activity
organelles that carry out
different functions
1.
2.
3.
4.
A multicellular organism has organ systems that
interact to carry out life functions, while a singlecelled organism carries out life functions without
using organ systems.
A single-celled organism carries out fewer life
functions than each cell of a multicellular
organism.
A multicellular organism always obtains energy
through a process that is different from that used
by a single-celled organism.
The cell of a single-celled organism is always
much larger than an individual cell of a
multicellular organism.
1.
2.
3.
4.
does not require energy
has energy requirements
equal to those of thyroid
tissue
requires less energy than
thyroid tissue
requires more energy than
thyroid tissue