Download Genetics and Biotechnology Test Review

Name ____________________________________
Period
PAP Biology
Genetics (Chapter 8) & Biotechnology (Chapter 10) Test Review
The test covers the notes we took in class, activities and problems done in class, and the
book.
1. Define
a. Homozygous
b. Heterozygous
c. Dominant
d. Recessive
e. Autosomal
f.
Sex-linked
g. Genotype
h. Phenotype
2. How do you represent dominant and recessive alleles using letters?
3. What is genetics?
4. What is heredity?
5. Who was the father of genetics?
6. Be able to analyze a pedigree.
7. Does a parent have to show a trait in order for their offspring to show it?
8. What is codominance?
9. What is incomplete dominance?
10. What is a polygenic trait?
11. If a trait appears in every generation, it is usually __________________________.
12. If a trait skips generations, it is usually _________________________.
13. If a trait is more common in males than females, it is usually ________________________.
14. What does the law of independent assortment state?
15. What does the law of segregation state?
16. Be able to do Punnett squares and answer questions about the results.
17. Be able to do crosses and figure out the expected genotype and phenotype ratios.
18. Be able to determine genetic probability for a single trait. (What is the chance of
something happening?)
19. How can you determine the genotype of an individual that shows the dominant
phenotype?
20. What kind of trait is colorblindness?
21. What kind of trait is hemophilia?
22. What is the example of multiple alleles that we talked about in class?
Name ____________________________________
Period
PAP Biology
23. Be able to do crosses for blood type.
24. What is a mutation?
25. What is genetic counseling?
26. What is a karyotype and what can it tell you about an individual?
27. Describe the karyotype of an individual with Down syndrome.
28. What would the sex chromosomes be in a female?
A male?
29. In your own words describe the process of electrophoresis. Pg 231
30. Which DNA fragments move fastest?
Which move slowest?
31. Where would you expect to find the largest fragments in a gel?
The smallest
fragments?
32. What is electrophoresis used for?
33. What is a DNA fingerprint?
34. What is Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)?
35. What is the goal of the Human Genome Project?
36. What is genetic engineering?
37. Describe how bacteria are used to produce human genes. (ex insulin)
38. Define the following terms:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Recombinant DNA
Restriction enzymes
Plasmids
DNA ligase
Sticky ends
39. How do scientists genetically modify food?
40. What is cloning?