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FLECs - Biology 11
Textbook Scavenger Hunt ANSWER KEY
1. In what chapter is the topic of cell organelles covered?
Chapter One,
2. Find a diagram of a chloroplast and sketch it in the space below. Label
granum, outer membrane, inner membrane and stroma.
3. Answer the questions 1 to 8 on Page 20 in the Practice section on looseleaf.
1. Outline the major concepts of the cell theory.
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All living things are composed of one or more cells.
The cell is the smallest entity that retains the properties of life.
New cells arise only from cells that already exist.
Other key points about cells are:
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Scientists believe life began somewhere between 3.9 – 3.5 billion
years ago. Cells are the basic unit of life, basic building block of
organisms.
Different cells in the body perform various tasks. (Examples: muscle
cells are capable of rapid contraction; nerve cells transmit special
chemicals to the body about our environment and help us be able to
respond).
2. Describe the function of the nucleus.
It is the control center of the cell, just like the brain is the control of your body.
The nucleus directs all the cell’s activities.
3. What are chromosomes and genes?
Chromosomes are long threads of genetics material found in the nucleus of
eukaryotic cells. Each chromosome contains a number of different genes that
determine various characteristics. Each gene contains the instructions to
produce proteins which are crucial to maintaining life.
4. How is DNA and RNA different?
DNA is the nucleic acid found in chromosomes. DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic
acid and is the ‘genetic material of life’. The nucleus of every cell in your body
contains DNA. DNA is one of few molecules that can replicate itself!
RNA is ribonucleic acid and can be found in the nucleolus (a part found inside the
nucleus). RNA can have many different jobs including helping with the making of
proteins and carrying genetic information from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.
RNA relies on DNA for direction!
5. Describe the function of the cell membrane.
The cell membrane is the outermost part of the cell. The cell membrane holds
the contents of the cell in place and regulates the movement of materials into
and out of the cell.
6. Describe the activities that take place within cytoplasm.
The cytoplasm is a fluid that contains all the parts of a cell inside the cell
membrane and outside the nucleus. Nutrients that are absorbed by the cell
membrane into the cell’s cytoplasm are processed here. During the processing of
nutrients, waste builds up. The cytoplasm stores the wastes until proper disposal
can be carried out. The cytoplasm also helps the transportation of things within
the cell.
7. List three cytoplasmic organelles found in animal cells and state the function
of each.
8. Why would you expect to find more amlyoplasts in a potato tuber than in a
potato leaf?
Amlyoplasts are found in plant cells. They are a form of plastid – organelles
that function as factories for the production and storage of sugars, starches
and pigments. Amlyoplasts are plastids that store starch but contain no
pigments (color). A potato leaf is green and therefore would have to contain
plastids that contains pigment – chromoplasts! The potato tuber would
contain far more amlyoplasts because of the lack of pigment within the
potato.
4. Name two places in the textbook where you can find definitions of words.
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On the side of the page in which you are reading. (Bold words are
defined on the side of the page. )
Glossary at back of book.
5. Answer questions 1 to 5 on Page 23 in Sections 1.1 – 1.4. Questions on
looseleaf.
1. List three ways in which animal cells and plant cells differ. Offer an
explanation for each difference.
Animal Cells may have flagella – which help them move.
Plant cells have a cell wall for protection and support, animal cells do not!
Plant cells may have chloroplasts – green pigments
Animal cells contain lysosomes – help to break down large molecules.
2. What kinds of endoplastmic reticulum are you likely to find in cells that line
the stomach? In a plant seed?
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER) contains ribosomes which create
proteins. RER would be found in cells that line the stomach since the stomach
needs to secrete (release) enzymes to help break down food. These enzymes
are released by proteins. If RER isn’t present then there are no ribosomes to
produce the enzyme releasing proteins!
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum would be common in plant seeds.
3. Why would a mammal’s cells require more mitochondria than a lizard’s?
Mitochondria break down sugar molecules that enter the cell. By doing this
the mitochondria create energy (ATP) for all the organelles to carry out their
jobs. A mammal is warm blooded and will need more energy to keep its body
temperature up, therefore needing more mitochondria.
4. Why would muscle cells require more mitochondria than fat cells?
The more active a cell is the more mitochondria it needs. Muscle cells are far
more active then fat cells.
6. When we hear the word cholesterol, we often consider it a bad thing. Look
up cholesterol in the textbook and find out what function(s) it has. Answer
on looseleaf.
Important part of the cell membrane
Helps with creation of sex hormones
LDL – raises bad cholesterol
HDL – raises good cholesterol
7. Answer questions 1 to 6 on Page 57 of the textbook in the Practice section.
Answer on looseleaf.
1. List three factors that diffusion rates: concentration, temperature,
pressure
2. * solute – is the substance dissolved in the solvent.
* solvent – is the liquid
Example – salt is the solute, water is the solvent. When added to
together they create a salt water solution.
isotonic solution – a solution where the concentration of solute
molecules outside a cell is equal to the concentration of solute inside
the cell.
Hypotonic solution – the solution where the concentration of
solutes outside the cell is lower than that found inside the cell.
Hypertonic solution – a solution where the concentration of
solutes outside the cell is higher than that found inside the cell.
3. Faciliated Diffusion – proteins help move materials in and out of cell.
Simple Diffusion – materials enter and exit the cell without help.
4. Active Transport – involves the use of cell energy (ATP) to move
materials across the cell membrane against the concentration
gradient.
Passive Transport – involves the transport of materials across the cell
membrane without the use of energy because it is going with the
flow of solutes.
5. Endocytosis – the process by which cells ingest materials. There are
two types: Pinocytosis- liquid droplets are engulfed by cells.
Phagocytosis – solid particles are engulfed by cells.
6. Endocytosis – the process of ingesting the material into the cell.
Exocytosis – the process of digesting the material to make energy.
8. Read pages 14-18 and find one new fact about each organelle.
9. Find Appendix B3 and read about the microscope. Fill in the diagram on
the back of this sheet.