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Download Give an account of gene mutation under the following
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Give an account of gene mutation under the following headings: i) The occurrence of mutant alleles and the effect of mutagenic agents 3 ii) Types of gene mutation and how they alter amino acid sequences 7 i) The occurrence of mutant alleles and the effect of mutagenic agents Any 3 of: 1. Random/spontaneous/by chance 2. Low frequency/rare 3. One type of mutagenic agent e.g. chemicals or a named chemical like mustard gas 4. A second type of mutagenic agent e.g. radiation or named type of radiation like X-rays, gamma rays, UV light 5. Mutagenic agents cause or induce mutations/increase mutation rate/increase the chance of a mutation occurring/increase frequency of mutation ii) Types of gene mutation and how they alter amino acid sequences Any 7 of: 6. Gene mutation is a change in the bases/base type/base sequence/base order (nucleotide can be taken to be equivalent to base) 7. Substitution: base/bases are replaced with another/others 8. Inversion: order of bases reversed/bases turned around 9. Substitution/inversion may change base order of codon OR substitution/inversion is a point mutation 10. Substitution/inversion may change only one/two amino acid(s) 11. Deletion: base/bases deleted from chromosome/removed/taken out 12. Insertion: base/bases inserted into chromosome/added/put in 13. Substitution, inversion, deletion and insertion ALL named 14. Deletion/insertion changes codons/triplets after the mutation OR deletion/insertion is a frameshift mutation 15. Deletion/insertion changes all the amino acids after the mutation 16. Protein made (following substitution or inversion) will work/be unaffected/functional OR protein made (after deletion or insertion) will not function/will not work/is the wrong protein/enzyme