Download DNA etcTest Rev 07

DNA, DNA Replication, & Protein Synthesis Competitive Review Answers
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DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid.
Cellular DNA is found in the nucleus.
DNA is also found in the following 2 organelles: chloroplasts and in mitochondria.
The sugar in DNA is deoyribose.
The building blocks of DNA are nucleotides.
A nucleotide is made of (3) a phosphate, a sugar, and a nitrogenous base.
The four N-bases in DNA are thymine, adenine, guanine, & cytosine.
A hydrogen bond is found between the N-bases in DNA.
Thymine always bonds with adenine in DNA, & cytosine with guanine due to complementary
base pairing.
10. A section of DNA that codes for a protein is a(n) gene.
11. Chargaff’s rule says that for every 3 thymines in a section of DNA there are 3 adenines.
12. Franklin and Wilkins studied DNA by taking x-ray pictures of it.
13. DNA carries the genetic code.
14. The sequence of N-bases is the genetic code.
15. Watson and Crick discovered the three dimensional structure of DNA.
16. DNA is a double stranded molecule.
17. The shape of DNA is a double helix.
18. If one side of a DNA molecule is CTAATGGT, the other side is GATTACCA.
19. In DNA replication, one side of the molecule serves as a template for making the other side.
20. If a mistake happens during DNA replication, a genetic mutation occurs.
21. The molecule that unzips DNA in order to allow replication is a(n) enzyme.
22. DNA replication is called semi-conservative because it results in one old strand and one new
strand in the new DNA molecule.
23. The suffix –ase means the molecule is a(n) enzyme.
24. The suffix –ose means the molecule is a(n) sugar.
25. RNA stands for ribonucleic acid.
26. DNA never leaves the nucleus.
27. RNA is a single- stranded molecule.
28. Messenger RNA makes a complementary copy of DNA in the nucleus.
29. A three letter section of DNA involved in protein synthesis is called a triplet.
30. The N-base uracil occurs in RNA, but not in DNA.
31. The N-base adenine bonds with uracil in RNA.
32. Protein is made in the cytoplasm on the ribosome.
33. mRNA carries the codons from the nucleus to the cytoplasm (ribosome).
34. A section of mRNA that codes for a section of tRNA is called a(n) codon.
35. A section of tRNA that codes for an amino acid is called a(n) anticodon.
36. Transfer RNA brings an amino acid to the ribosome.
37. The building blocks of proteins are amino acids.
38. A polypeptide chain or a chain of amino acids is a synonym for a(n) protein.
39. A peptide bond is found between the amino acids in a protein.
40. Proteins are needed because they serve 5 different functions:
1. 80% of cell structure is protein
2. hormones (chemical messengers) are proteins 3. neurotransmitters (brain chemicals) are
proteins 4. membrane channels are proteins 5. enzymes (molecules that speed up chemical
reactions)are proteins