Download What does cell division do for an organism

What does cell division do for an
organism?
What do the spindles pull apart?
(credit)
ANS It increases the number of cells
ANS The chromatids are pulled apart
What controls cell division?
Why is it important to maintain the
chromosome number in the daughter
cells? (credit)
ANS The nucleus
ANS So the cells have all the
information to function correctly
If the chromosome number in the cell
at the start is 8 chromosomes. What
will the chromosome number of the
two new daughter cells be?
ANS Each will have 8 chromosomes
What happens at the beginning of
mitosis? (credit)
ANS Each chromosome becomes two
chromatids.
What lines up at the equator during
mitosis? (credit)
ANS The chromosomes line up at the
equator. ( Do NOT say chromatids)
State 3 reasons why living cells need
energy.
Where does the CO2 come from
during aerobic respiration.
ANS Heat, movement and chemical
reactions
ANS It comes from the glucose
Which food group contains the most
chemical energy per gram? (credit)
What type of energy is released
during aerobic respiration?
ANS Fats (lipids)
ANS Heat energy
In aerobic respiration what must cells
have a supply of to release the energy
from the food?
Why is energy released during aerobic
respiration so important to the
metabolism of the cell? (credit)
ANS Oxygen
ANS As energy is needed to allow
the chemical reactions to occur
What two substances are at the start
of the equation for aerobic
respiration?
ANS Oxygen + glucose
What are the products of aerobic
respiration?
ANS
Energy + CO2 + H2O
Why do cells need enzymes?
Name 2 factors that affect the
activity of enzymes.
ANS To speed up and control their
chemical reactions
ANS pH and temperature
Why is starch the specific substrate
for amylase? (credit)
What is the optimum temperature for
pepsin?
ANS As starch fits into the active
site of amylase enzyme
ANS 37oC
Name the specific substrate for
catalase? (credit)
What is the optimum pH for the
enzyme pepsin? (credit)
ANS hydrogen peroxide
ANS pH 2
Name the enzyme that speeds up a
synthesis reaction.
What are all enzymes made of?
ANS Phosphorylase enzyme
ANS proteins
What chemical reactions does
catalase speed up and control?
What happens to enzyme activity at
low temperatures? (credit)
ANS hydrogen peroxide to oxygen
and water
ANS Their activity stops or slows
down
What chemical reaction does
phosphorylase speed up and control?
What happens to enzymes activity
when they are above 50oC (credit)
ANS glucose -1- phosphate to starch
ANS They become denatured
What is the function of the cell
membrane?
What makes some plant cells green?
ANS Controls what enters and leaves
the cell
ANS Chloroplasts
What is the function of the nucleus?
Why do we stain some cells when
making slides?
ANS Controls the cells activity
ANS To make parts (nucleus) of the
cell more visible
What is the function of the cell wall
in plant cells?
What units are cells measured in?
ANS For shape and support
ANS micrometres (microns)
What is the cell wall made of?
How many micrometres in a mm?
ANS Cellulose
ANS 1000
What is the function of the
chloroplasts?
List the three main parts of any cell.
ANS To photosynthesise
ANS Nucleus, Cytoplasm and cell
membrane
List two things all plant cells have but
animals do not.
If a cell is 250 micrometres long,
what would that be expressed as a
mm?
ANS Cell wall and vacuole
ANS 0.25 mm
What is the definition of diffusion?
What is the function of the cell
membrane?
ANS When molecules move from a
higher concentration to a lower
concentration down a concentration
gradient
ANS controls what enters or leaves
the cell
Name two molecules that would
diffuse into a cell.
Describe osmosis. (credit)
ANS Glucose / oxygen
ANS When water moves from a
higher concentration to a lower
concentration passing through a
selectively permeable membrane
Name two things that could diffuse
out of a cell.
What would happen to plant cell in
pure water? (credit)
ANS Waste / Carbon dioxide
ANS It becomes turgid
What type of molecules can pass
through the selectively permeable
membrane?
What happens to an animal cell in pure
water? (credit)
ANS Small and soluble
ANS it bursts
Why is diffusion important to
organisms? (credit)
Explain what happens to plant cell in
strong salt solution. (credit)
ANS It allows gas exchange
ANS water moves out of the cell by
osmosis because there is a higher
water concentration inside the cell