Download Name: Date: ______ Review Sheet for Quiz on Microscopes, Cells

Name: ____________________________
Date: ___________
Review Sheet for Quiz on Microscopes, Cells and Tissues ACADEMIC
1.
A. What type of microscope requires light to pass through the object being viewed? COMPOUND
LIGHT MICROSCOPE
B. Why do the objects need to be so thin in order to see detail? LIGHT MUST BE ABLE TO PASS
THROUGH THEM FROM BELOW BECAUSE THE LIGHT SOURCE COMES FROM UNDERNEATH
THE OBJECT
2. Label the microscope below. REFER TO YOUR NOTES
3. Complete the chart for the hypothetical microscope below: I CORRECTED THIS…SORRY FOR
THE CONFUSION
Objectives
Magnification
Magnification
of EYEPIECE
of OBJECTIVE
Total Magnification
Low Power
10
24
240
Med. Power
10
10
100
High Power
10
43
430
4.
If you move a slide to the right and up, which direction will it appear to move as you are viewing
it through the lens? Explain, and DRAW A PICTURE TO DEMONSTRATE.
LEFT AND DOWN BECAUSE THE LENSES FLIP OBJECTS UPSIDE DOWN AND BACKWARDS
5. What is a cell? Is there anything smaller than a cell that can still be considered living?
A CELL IS THE BASIC UNIT OF STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION FOR ALL LIVING THINGS.
THERE IS NOTHING SMALLER THAN A CELL THAT CAN STILL BE CONSIDERED LIVING
6. What are the three parts of the cell theory?
REFER TO YOUR NOTES
7. List the similarities differences between prokaryotic cells, and eukaryotic cells, including their
size, complexity, and kingdoms of living organisms using the Venn Diagram below.
PROKARYOTES: SMALLER, LESS COMPLEX, INCLUDING BACTERIA AND ARCHAEA
KINGDOMS
EUKARYOTES: LARGER, MORE COMPLEX, INCLUDING PLANTS, ANIMALS, PROTISTS, AND
FUNGI – CONTAIN MANY MORE ORGANELLES, INCLUDING MITOCHONDRIA,
CHLOROPLASTS, GOLGI, ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM, AND A WELL DEFINED NUCLEUS
BOTH PRO- AND EU-: ALL CELLS REQUIRE CERTAIN BASIC FEATURES TO SURVIVE,
INCLUDING A CELL MEMBRANE, DNA, RIBOSOMES, AND A CYTOPLASM
8. Provide 6 examples of eukaryotic organisms, and 2 examples of prokaryotes.
EUKARYOTES; BUTTERFLY, MOUSE, TULIP, PORTABELLO MUSHROOM, HUMAN, VOLVOX
PROKARYOTES; BACTERIA LIKE STREP AND MRSA, AND ARCHAEA
9. What is an organelle, and where do you find them? ORGANELLE MEANS TINY ORGAN, AND
CAN BE FOUND WITHIN ALL CELLS
10. Complete the organelle chart below:
Name of Organelle
1. Cell membrane
Function of organelle
Which type of cells do you find
them in (plant, animal, bacteria,
fungi, protist)?
REFER TO NOTES FOR FUNCTIONS
ALL CELLS
2. Nucleus
EUKARYOTES
3. Cell wall
5. Mitochondria
PLANTS, SOME
BACTERIA, SOME
FUNGI
PLANTS, SOME
PROTISTS
ALL EUKARYOTES
6. Lysosome
EUKARYOTES
7. Vacuole
EUKARYOTES
4. Chloroplast
RIBOSOMES CAN BE
FOUND IN ALL CELLS
11. If an object is to dark when viewing it under the microscope, you could adjust the
__DIAPHRAGM____________ to allow more light to pass through it.
8. RIBSOME
12. As magnification increases the size of the image will ____INCREASE_________.
13. As magnification increases the area that you are viewing (field of view)
____DECREASE__________.
14. If you want to view an object at high power, which power would you start at____LOW
POWER______________. Under high power, you should only use the ____FINE________
adjustment knob.
15. How do you calculate the total magnification when viewing an object under:
a. Low 10 X 4 = 40
b. Medium 10 X 10 = 100
c. High 10 X 40 = 400
16. Which type of cell evolved first, a Prokaryotic cell or a Eukaryotic Cell? PROKARYOTE
17. When comparing a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell what are two things that are different
between them that would give you a clue that one is older than the other one?
THE FIRST CELL ON EARTH WAS MOST LIKELY MORE SIMILAR IN APPEARANCE TO
PROKARYOTIC CELLS, LIKE BACTERIA, TODAY. THIS IS NOT ONLY BECAUSE THE OLDEST
FOSSIL WE HAVE IS THE SIZE OF A PROKARYOTE, BUT ALSO BECAUSE THEY ARE SIMPLER, AND
EVOLUTION TENDS TO BUILD MORE COMPLEXITY OVER TIME
18. “Tiny Organs” found within a cell are known as: ______ORGANELLES___________
19. Which of the following statements is not part of cell theory? B
a. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function.
b. Almost all living things are made of cells.
c. New cells must come from preexisting cells.
d. None of the above.
e. All of the above.
f. A & B only
g. B & C only
20. Complete the following statement: The structure of a cell will determine its
__FUNCTION____________.
21. Using the diagram below list the organelles that are found in plant cells alone, animal cells alone
and both plant and animal cells:
PLANTS CELLS ONLY: CHLOROPLAST, CENTRAL VACUOLE, CELL WALL
ANIMAL CELLS: THERE REALLY AREN’T ANY ORGANLLES ONLY FOUND WITHIN ANIMAL CELLS
(THAT WE LEARNED ABOUT)
BOTH: ALMOST ALL THE ORGANELLES ARE FOUND IN BOTH  NUCLEUS, CELL MEMBRANE,
RIBOSOMES, MITOCHONDRIA, ROUGH AND SMOOTHE ER, GOLGI, VESICLES, LYSOSOME
(ALTHOUGH IT’S UP FOR DEBATE IN THE SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY)
Match the parts of the cell with its function: REFER TO YOUR NOTES..THIS SHOULD BE EASY
22.____ Nucleus
a.
23.____ Mitochondrion
b. Storage unit that is larger in plant cells than animal cells
24.____ Chloroplast
c.
25.____ Vacuole
26.____ Cell Membrane
27. ____ Cell Wall
28. ____ Lysosome
Rigid layer made of cellulose that provides support for plant cells
Digests/destroys foreign bodies, such as bacteria, and will break
down damaged or dead organelles.
d. Makes food using sunlight, water and carbon dioxide
e.
Houses the DNA, which controls the activity of the cell
f.
Layer of protection that selects what enters and exits the cell
g.
“Power House” breaks down food to generate energy
29. ____ Ribosome
h. Millions of these little protein factories can be found within the
cell.
Identify the following tissues by their picture, and describe the function of each: Identify the
Nucleus in each picture
28.
MUSCLE TISSUE; AIDS IN MOVING BODY, DARK SPOTS ARE
EACH A NUCLEUS
29. EPITHELIAL TISSUE – FOR LINING ORGANS
SKIND AND DIGESTIVE TRACT – DARK SPOTS ARE
EACH A NUCLEUS
30.
ADIPOSE TISSUE, WHICH IS AN EXAMPLE OF CONNECTIVE- FOR
INSULATION, FAT STORAGE, BLOOD, AND SUPPORT
31.
NERVOUS TISSUE SHOWN HERE IS FOR SENDING AND RECEIVING
MESSAGES THROUGHOUT THE BODY TO CONTROL BODY FUNCTIONS
32. Identify the following protists by name, and identify the names of the cell parts pointed to.
Name of Protist: __AMOEBA______________
Why are contractile vacuoles so important? FOR PUMPING OUT EXCESS
WATER SO THIS CELL DOESN’T EXPLODE
PSEUDOPOD
NUCLEUS
What enables this cell to move? PSEDOPOD EXTENDS FROM BODY,
AND HELPS TO DRAG AMOEBA LIKA A SNAKE
CILIA
Name of Protist: _PARAMECIUM_______________
Why are contractile vacuoles so important? SAME AS ABOVE
CONTRACTILE VACUOLE
What enables this cell to move? CILIA, HAIRLIKE PROJECTS ON EDGE
THAT MOVE
FLAGELLUM
Name of Protist: __EUGLENA___________________
EYE SPOT
CHLOROPLAST
NUCLEUS
What is a mixotroph? ABLE TO GET FOOD THROUGH
PREDATION, OR THROUGH PHOTOSYNTHESIS
(AUTOTROPHIC AND HETEROTROPHIC)
How does this cell know where to find light? RED EYE
SPOT SHOWS THE CELL WHICH DIRECTION THERE IS
LIGHT
What enables this cell to move? FLAGELLUM  TAIL
LIKE STRUCTURE
Are the protists above Eukaryotes or Prokaryotes? Explain. EUKARYOTES  THEY HAVE NUCLEUS
AND MEMBRANE-BOUND ORGANELLES
Are they single-celled or multicellular? Explain the difference between those two terms. MOST ARE
SINGLE CELLED, BUT SOME, LIKE VOLVOX, HAVE SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF MUTICELLULAR
ORGANISMS
What is cell specialization? Relate the term cell specialization to multicellular organisms.
CELL SPECIALIZATION DESCRIBES HOW CELLS IN A MULTICELLULAR ORGANISM HAVE VERY
SPECIFIC JOBS. ALL CELLS IN A MULTICELLULAR ORGANISM WORK TOGETHER TO PERFORM
DIFFERENT TASKS, WHICH INCREASES EFFICIENCY, BUT MEANS THAT EACH CELL COULD NOT
LIVE ON THEIR OWN.