Download 2.4 Cell Diversity - Science at St. Dominics

Leaving Cert Biology
2.4 Cell Diversity
Bone cell
Skin cell
Cell Diversity
Hair cell
Leaving Cert Biology
2.4 Cell Diversity
From cell to organism
All living things are made of cells.
animal
plant
Leaving Cert Biology
2.4 Cell Diversity
SPECIALISED CELLS
CAN YOU GUESS WHAT EACH
OF THE FOLLOWING CELLS
ARE CALLED?
Leaving Cert Biology
2.4 Cell Diversity
1. Hint : it carries oxygen
Leaving Cert Biology
2.4 Cell Diversity
2. Hint : it is found in plants under
the ground
Leaving Cert Biology
2.4 Cell Diversity
3. Hint : This cell stops us being
sick
Leaving Cert Biology
2.4 Cell Diversity
4. Hint : This cell is needed to
make new humans.
Leaving Cert Biology
2.4 Cell Diversity
5. Hint : This cell grows lots in 9
months.
Leaving Cert Biology
2.4 Cell Diversity
6. HINT: Carries messages around the
body.
Leaving Cert Biology
2.4 Cell Diversity
7. HINT: carries water around plants.
Leaving Cert Biology
2.4 Cell Diversity
Whose cell is it anyway?
Leaving Cert Biology
2.4 Cell Diversity
Tissues
Tissues are groups of cells with similar
structures and functions
cells
tissue
Leaving Cert Biology
2.4 Cell Diversity
Examples of tissue
Animal tissues
Plant tissues
muscle
mesophyll
bone
phloem
liver
xylem
skin
lung
Can you think of any more types of tissue?
Leaving Cert Biology
2.4 Cell Diversity
Examples of animal tissues
• Nervous tissue
Made of nerve cells that carry
electrical impulses signals around
the body.
Epithelial tissue
Made of cells that cover inner
and outer surfaces and protect
them.
Leaving Cert Biology
2.4 Cell Diversity
Examples of plant tissues
• Dermal tissue
Made of cells that that protect
the surfaces of the plant.
•Vascular Tissue
•Made of cells that transport
water, minerals and sugar
through the plant.
Leaving Cert Biology
2.4 Cell Diversity
2.4.1 Tissue Cultures
• Def Tissue culture is the growth of tissues outside
an organism using a sterile nutrient fluid
Tissue cultures can be used to make plants for horticultural use!
Leaving Cert Biology
2.4 Cell Diversity
2.4.1 Tissue Cultures
• Tissue cultures can also be used to grow
replacement cells to repair damaged issues in
humans!
Muscle
tissue
Pancreas
tissue
Nervous
tissue
Leaving Cert Biology
2.4 Cell Diversity
• Discuss some advantages and some
disadvantages of this type of tissue
culturing..
Leaving Cert Biology
2.4 Cell Diversity
What did you learn today?
•
•
•
•
•
What is a tissue?
Name 2 examples of animal tissues
Name 2 examples of plant tissue
What is a tissue culture?
Give some uses of tissue cultures
Leaving Cert Biology
2.4 Cell Diversity
Organs
Groups of tissues
work together to
form organs.
cell
tissue
organ
Leaving Cert Biology
2.4 Cell Diversity
2.4.2 Organs
• Def An organ is a group of tissues that work together to
carry out a particular function.
Example of an animal organ : The heart
The heart’s function is to pump
blood around the body
Leaving Cert Biology
2.4 Cell Diversity
2.4.2 Organs
Example of a plant organ : The leaf
• The function of the
leaf organ is
photosynthesis
Leaving Cert Biology
2.4 Cell Diversity
The leaf – a plant organ
Leaving Cert Biology
2.4 Cell Diversity
Which organ?
Leaving Cert Biology
2.4 Cell Diversity
Which organ?
Leaving Cert Biology
2.4 Cell Diversity
Which organ?
Leaving Cert Biology
2.4 Cell Diversity
How is the body organized?
Groups of organs form systems.
Leaving Cert Biology
2.4 Cell Diversity
2.4.3 Organ systems
• Def an organ system is a group of organs working together
to carry out a particular function
Example of an animal organ system:
The circulatory system
•The circulatory system functions to
transport materials around the body
and to fight infection.
Leaving Cert Biology
2.4 Cell Diversity
Second example of an animal
organ system :
The digestive system
•The digestive system functions to
take in food, break it down and
transport it into the circulatory
system.
Leaving Cert Biology
2.4 Cell Diversity
Matching systems and
organs
Leaving Cert Biology
2.4 Cell Diversity
Why do organisms have to be so organized?
Organization of the body allows complex organisms to
carry out many different jobs at the same time.
body
life processes
grow
reproduce
move
respond
to things
respire
digest food
excrete
Being organized means that the body does not waste
energy, so it is more efficient.
Leaving Cert Biology
2.4 Cell Diversity
Anagrams
Leaving Cert Biology
2.4 Cell Diversity
Cells summary
Leaving Cert Biology
2.4 Cell Diversity
Multiple-choice quiz