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“Young Scientists Congress 2009” Organized by BAS and TWAS
"Climate Change - a global
pressing issue”
A.K.M. Saiful Islam
Associate Professor
Institute of Water and Flood Management (IWFM)
Bangladesh University of Engineer and Technology (BUET)
Outlines
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What’s Climate Change & Global Warning?
How Climate has Changed?
Future Predictions
Impact of Climate Change
Who’s Responsible ?
What needs to be done ?
 Mitigation
 Adaptation
 Global
and National awareness building
Green house Gas and Global
warming
Green House
Gases
Anthropogenic
Emissions
 CO2 (72%)
 CH4 (18%)
 NO (9%)
 O3 (1%)
Green house effect
Green house gases act as a partial blanket for the thermal radiation from the
surface which enables it to be substantially warmer than it would
otherwise be, analogous to the effect of a greenhouse.
Increasing trends of CO2
Human induced changes of green
house gases
Global temperature and Greenhouse gases
Temperature variation past 1,000 years
Trends of increase of Temperature
Climate Change due to Global
Warming
Cracks in Ice bars
Ice melting
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Images gathered from the Defense
Meteorological Satellite Program of NASA show
the minimum Arctic sea ice concentration 1979
(left) and 2003 (right).
1979
2003
Trends of Precipitations
Trends of Seal Surface
temperature
Temperature Data Analysis (1947-2007)
Mean daily temperature of Bangladesh has increased
with a rate of 1.03 0C per 100 years
27
(c)
26
25
y = 0.0103x + 25.428
2
R = 0.2996
24
2008
2003
1998
1993
1988
1983
1978
1973
1968
1963
1958
1953
1948
23
Future predictions of climate
change
Prediction of Global Warming
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Figure shows the distribution of warming during the late 21st
century predicted by the HadCM3 climate model. The average
warming predicted by this model is 3.0 °C.
Prediction of Temperature increase
Prediction of Sea level rise
Arctic Sea Ice Prediction using
community climate system model
Arctic Sea Ice in
2000
Arctic Sea Ice in
2040
Predicted Change of Mean Temperature
(0C) using A1B Scenarios
Baseline = 2000
2050
2090
Change of Mean Rainfall (mm/d) using
A1B Scenarios
Baseline = 2000
2050
2090
Change of mean climatic variables of
Bangladesh using A1B Scenarios
Temperate (0C)
Rainfall (mm/d)
Impact of Climate Change
Climate Change Impact for Bangladesh
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Increase of intensity and duration of natural
disasters such as floods, Cyclones and Storm
Surges.
Increase of moisture stress (droughts) due to
erratic precipitation
Salinity intrusion due to Sea Level Rise
Inundation due to sea level rise leading towards
“Climate Refugees”
Effect on health and livelihood of coastal people.
Effect on Bio-diversity, Ecology & Sundarbans.
Hampered Food Security & Social Security.
What will happen to Artic Polar Bears ?
Antarctic Penguins are watching…
The Sundarbans ..Mangrove forest?
Who is responsible for Climate
Change ?
Emission of Green house gases
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Emission of Co2 Bangladesh < 0.2 Million ton/yr
Global Emission
Per capita responsibility of Co2
What needs to be done?
Facing Climate Change
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National Awareness building
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Mitigation
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Reduce Co2 emission, Use Green technology
Use of Alternative Energy sources – Solar, Wind etc.
Adaptation –
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Capacity Building through Training
Innovative Research for knowledge generations
Build Shelters, Rise Embankments & Polders, Roads, Houses
Salinity tolerant crops, Forestation, alternative livelihood,
improve warning system, migrations
Global Awareness & Justice
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– Kyoto Protocol, COP15, COP16…. Raise our voice !
Thank
you