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Transcript
Introduction to Genetics Chromosomes • Chromosomes are made up of DNA wrapped around proteins. • Each chromosome codes for several genes. • Each Gene codes for a protein. Human genetics • Each healthy person has 23 pairs of chromosomes. (46 total = Diploid 2n) • Each Pair codes for the same genes and are called Homologous Chromosomes • You got 23 from your mom and 23 from your dad. Sperm and Egg are Haploid • Sperm and eggs are haploid cells known as gametes • Each Sperm has 23 Chromosomes • Each Egg has 23 Chromosomes. • 2 Gametes come together to form a zygote Homologous Chromosomes • Homologous Chromosomes code for the same genes • Different version of the same Gene are called alleles and will produce different proteins that may function differently. • Some alleles are dominant (will be expressed no matter what) • Some alleles are recessive (will only be expressed if you have two copies.) Hypothetical Example Dad is Homozygous Mom is Heterozygous • Visit a map of the Human Genome http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/science96/chr.c gi?1
