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Transcript
6.4 Traits, Genes, and Alleles KEY CONCEPT G______ encode p________ that produce a diverse range of traits. 6.4 Traits, Genes, and Alleles The same gene can have many versions. • A gene is a piece of D____ that directs a cell to make a certain protein. • Each gene has a l_____, a specific position on a pair of homologous chromosomes. 6.4 Traits, Genes, and Alleles • An a______ is any alternative form of a gene occurring at a specific locus on a chromosome. – Each parent donates one allele for every gene. – H___________s describes two alleles that are the same at a specific locus. – H___________s describes two alleles that are different at a specific locus. 6.4 Traits, Genes, and Alleles Genes influence the development of traits. • All of an organism’s genetic material is called the g_______. • A g__________ refers to the makeup of a specific set of genes (what genes does the individual have). • A p__________ is the physical expression of a trait. (what does the individual look like) 6.4 Traits, Genes, and Alleles • Alleles can be represented using letters. – A d__________ allele is expressed as a phenotype when at least one allele is dominant. – A r___________ allele is expressed as a phenotype only when two copies are present. – Dominant alleles are represented by _________ letters; recessive alleles by l___________ letters. 6.4 Traits, Genes, and Alleles • Both homozygous dominant and heterozygous genotypes yield a d________ phenotype. • NOTE: Most traits occur in a range and do not follow simple dominant-recessive patterns.
