Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Cytoplasmic streaming wikipedia , lookup
Extracellular matrix wikipedia , lookup
Cell membrane wikipedia , lookup
Cellular differentiation wikipedia , lookup
Cell culture wikipedia , lookup
Programmed cell death wikipedia , lookup
Endomembrane system wikipedia , lookup
Cell growth wikipedia , lookup
Organ-on-a-chip wikipedia , lookup
What are the Effects of Osmosis? If you place a cell in a solution (mixture of 2 substances) Three things can happen. 1. Isotonic solution –When the concentration of water is the same inside and outside cell 2. Hypotonic solution- When there is a higher concentration of water outside cell, so water moves into cell 3. Hypertonic solution- when there is a higher concentration of water inside cell, so water moves out of cell Isotonic Solution – Balanced conditions – No difference between cell & environment • example: blood • water flows across membrane equally, in both directions • volume of cell doesn’t change Hypotonic Solution • Higher concentration of water outside cell, so water moves into cell • A cell in fresh water • example: Paramecium • problem: gains water, swells & can burst • solution: contractile vacuole – pumps water out of cell • “Hyp-o” – High in H20! • Hipp-o, “O” Hypertonic Solution • Higher concentration of water inside cell, so water moves out of cell – a cell in salt water – example: shellfish – problem: lose water • shrinking cell – solution: take up water • “Hy-per” – High in particles • Pinocytosis- cell drinking-engulfing small particles. • Phagocytosis- Cell engulfing- ex Lysosomes fuse with a bacteria for digestion • Cyclosis- Movement of the cytoplasm Methods of Transport • Passive transport- movement from High to low concentration. No energy is used • – This is also called Simple diffusion • Active transport- movement from low to high – A. needs energy – B. opposite of simple diffusion Simple Diffusion-Passive Transport • Move from HIGH to LOW concentration – “passive transport” – no energy needed –Which way will molecules flow? Active transport • Cells may need molecules to move against concentration difference – need to pump “uphill” • from LOW to HIGH using ATP – protein pump – requires energy ATP Transport summary