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Download Cell Transport PPT - Effingham County Schools
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Transcript
Anatomy and Physiology Cell Transport Types of Transport Diffusion • Characteristics – Particles move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. – Moves “down” or “with” the concentration gradient. – Does not require energy. Types of Transport • Factors effecting the rate of diffusion – Temperature - as temperature increases, rate of diffusion increases. – Pressure - as pressure increases, rate of diffusion increases. – Steepness of the concentration gradient - the steeper the gradient, the faster the rate of diffusion. Types of Transport • Diffusion will continue until dynamic equilibrium is reached. • Dynamic equilibrium - continuous movement of particles, but no overall concentration change. (Everything is equally distributed). Type of Transport Osmosis • Characteristics – Movement of water across a cell membrane. – Cell has no control over movement of water. It continues to move until [inside] = [outside]. [ ] =concentration Osmosis - Types of Solutions Isotonic • [water inside] = [water outside] • Dynamic equilibrium reached immediately. Normal Red blood cells Osmosis - Types of Solutions Hypotonic • [water inside] < [water outside] • Solutes are higher inside the cell. • Water flows in, cell swells. • Cell could burst if water flow continues. Swollen red blood cells Osmosis - Types of Solutions Hypertonic • [water inside] > [water outside]. • Solutes are higher outside the cell. • Water leaves the cell, cell shrinks. Dehydrated red blood cells Types of transport Passive vs. Active Transport • Passive - no energy required • Active - energy required Types of Transport • Passive Transport – Movement across a membrane by diffusion. – Facilitated diffusion - moves down the concentration gradient with the aid of a protein molecule. • Most glucose moves this way Types of Transport • Active Transport – moves from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration. – Moves up or against the concentration gradient. – Glucose moving from blood stream into liver for storage. Types of Transport • Bulk Transport – Moving large particles across the cell membrane. – Endocytosis - movement into the cell – Exocytosis - movement out of the cell Bulk Transport • Endocytosis - 2 types – Pinocytosis- bulk transport of liquids into the cell. – Phagocytosis- “cell eating”- bulk transport of solids into the cell.
