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Transcript
Cell growth and Reproduction • Though there are exceptions in cell size QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. – nerve cells reaching 1 meter – Ostrich egg measuring 8 cm most cells are between 2200 nanometers (that’s too small to see without a microscope) – Why are cells the size they are? Diffusion What limits the cell size • DNA • Surface to volume ratio Cell Reproduction • Remember the cell theory? all cells --– Come from preexisting http://www.cellsalive.com/howbig.htm cells – Cell division results in two IDENTICAL cells – This way we can grow and change and even though our cells split we are still the same person Chromosomes Chroma-colored Stroma-body • Contain DNA • Become darkly colored when stained • Vanish after cell division – They are the carriers of the genetic material that is copied and passed on generation to generation Structure of eukaryotic chromosomes • Chromatin– long strands of DNA wrapped around proteins called histones – Grouped together they make up they form a chromatin – So things stay organized during division they coil up to form chromosomes Structure of eukaryotic chromosomes Chromosome Structure Cell cycle • the sequence of growth and division of a cell • Can be divided into two periods – Period of growth – Period of division QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. • • Most of the cells life is spent in Interphase (PERIOD OF GROWTH) – Grows, carries on metabolism, and the big part • CHROMOSOMES ARE DUPLICATED • MITOSIS -Cell goes through a series of steps to produce TWO identical calls (period of division) Mitosis QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. Quic kTime™ and a TIFF (Unc ompres sed) dec ompres sor are needed to see this pic ture. QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. Web link • http://www.biology.ar izona.edu/cell_bio/a ctivities/cell_cycle/c ell_cycle.html Root tip http://bio.rutgers.edu/~gb101/lab2_mitosis/highmagroot1.html Cytokinesis • In cytokinesis the cells cytoplasm divides • Is this a plant or animal cell? • Why?