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Transcript
Anatomy of a Cell Chapter 3 Anatomy & Physiology Cell Membrane Phospholipid bilayer Hydrophilic heads Hydrophobic tails Water & water soluble molecules do not pass thru easily Membranes strengthened by cholesterol Membrane Proteins Some allow water soluble molecules to pass thru the membrane Glycoproteins: act as identification markers Some act as receptors Endoplasmic Reticulum Rough & Smooth Rough-ribosomes on the surface RER: protein synthesis & intracellular transportation SER: lipid & carbohydrate synthesis Ribosomes Many lie free throughout the cytoplasm Some attached to rough ER Function: protein synthesis Golgi Apparatus Process & package protein molecules for transport Lysosomes Vesicles pinched off of Golgi Contain enzymes Can kill bacteria that find their way into a cell Peroxisomes Detoxify harmful substances that may enter cells Mitochondria “power plant” of cells Contain enzymes which are vital in the making of ATP Nucleus Contains DNA molecules Nucleolus : contains RNA Cell Fibers Internal supporting framework Microfilaments Intermediate filament Microtubule Centrosome Coordinates building & breaking of microtubules Centrioles: positioned at right angles to each other Cell Extensions Microvilli Cilia Flagella Microvilli Involved in absorption Found on intestinal cells Cilia & Flagella Allows for movement Cilia: shorter & more numerous, ex: respiratory tract Flagella: ex:sperm Cell Connections Tight junctions: joined by collars of tightly fused membranes Desmosomes: small spot welds, like Velcro Ex: intestinal lining Ex: skin cells Gap junctions: membrane channels adhere Ex: heart muscle Image Citations Slide 2: Schematic diagram of lipid bilayer, 7/11/06, http://www.sp.uconn.edu/~terry/images/cell/bilayer.gif Slide 4: Endoplasmic Reticulum and Nuclear Envelope, 7/11/06, http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/endoplasmicreticulum/endoplasmic reticulum.html Slide 6: Golgi apparatus, 7/11/06, http://employees.csbsju.edu/hjakubowski/classes/ch331/cho/ergolgi. jpeg Slide 7: Lysosomes, 7/11/06, http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/BioBookCELL 2.html Slide 9: Mitochondria Structural Features, 7/11/06, http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/mitochondria/mitochondria.html Slide 10: The cell nucleus, 7/11/06, http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/nucleus/nucleus.html Image Citations Slide 11: The cytoskeleton of cells, 7/11/06, http://sun.menloschool.org/~birchler/cells/animals/cytoskeleton/ Slide 12: Centrosome, 7/11/06, http://www.eccentrix.com/members/chempics/Slike/cell/centrosome.j pg Slide 14: Microvilli, 7/11/06, http://faculty.southwest.tn.edu/rburkett/A&P2%20Digestive%20Syste m%20Lab.htm Slide 15: Primary Ciliary Dyskinesis, 7/11/06, http://pediatrics.med.unc.edu/div/infectdi/pcd/ Slide 15: Sperm, 7/11/06, http://www.corante.com/loom/archives/2005/05/ Slide 16: Graphic of junctions in animal cells, 7/11/06, http://www.biology.arizona.edu/cell_bio/problem_sets/membranes/1 3t.html