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Transcript
CELL-TO-CELL JUNCTIONS Michaela Tiffany SURFACE MARKERS • Structure: Variable, integral proteins or glycolipids in plasma membrane • Function: Identify the cell • Example: MHC complexes, blood groups, antibodies SEPTATE JUNCTIONS/TIGHT JUNCTIONS • Structure: Tightly bound, leakproof, fibrous claudin protein seal that surrounds the cell • Function: Holds cells together such that materials pass through not between the cells • Example: Junctions between epithelial cells in the gut ADHESIVE JUNCTION (DESMOSOME) • Structure: Variant cadherins, desmocollins, blind to intermediate filaments of cytoskeleton • Function: Creates strong flexible connections between cells • Found in vertebrates • Example: Epithelium ADHESIVE JUNCTION(ADHERENS JUNCTIONS) • Structure: Classical cadherins, bind to microfilaments of cytoskeleton • Function: Connects cells together • Oldest form of cell junction • Found in all multicellular organisms • Example: Tissues with high mechanical stress, such as the skin ADHESIVE JUNCTION (HEMIDESMOSOME, FOCAL ADHESION) • Structure: Integrin proteins bind cell to extracellular matrix • Function: Provide attachment to a substrate • Example: Involved in cell movement and important during development COMMUNICATING JUNCTION (GAP JUNCTION) • Structure: Six transmembrane connexons/pannexin proteins creating a pore that connects cells • Function: Allows passage of small molecules from cell to cell in a tissue • Example: Excitable tissue such as heart muscle COMMUNICATING JUNCTION (PLASMODESMATA) • Structure: Cytoplasmic connections between gaps in adjoining plant cell walls • Function: Communicating junctions between plant cells • Example: Plant tissues • All information in this power point can be found in Mgraw Hill Biology 10th Edition on pages 82-85