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PROPERTIES OF ANTIGEN 1. Foreignness An antigen must be a foreign substance. 2. Molecular Size The most active immunogens tend to have a molecular mass of 14,000 to 6,00,000 Da. 3. Chemical Nature and Composition Antigens are mainly proteins and some are polysaccharides. 4. Physical Form In general particulate antigens are more immunogenic than soluble ones. 5. Antigen Specificity Antigen Specificity depends on the specific actives sites on the antigenic molecules 6.Organ Specificity Organ specific antigens are confined to particular organ or tissue. ANTIBODY ANTIGEN INTERACTION Antigen-antibody reaction, is a specific chemical interaction between antibodies produced by B cells of the white blood cells and antigens during immune reaction. It is the fundamental reaction in the body by which the body is protected from complex foreign molecules. Biological Aspects of Antibody-Antigen Interaction 1. T-Dependent and T-Independent Immune Responses "Normal" immune responses depend on the participation of T cells. 2. Maturation of the Immune Response Antibodies isolated soon after an initial antigen exposure differ from those obtained later in the response or after a second administration of antigen. 3. Anti-idiotype Antibodies 4. Heterophile Antibodies and Molecular Mimicry An antibody that reacts with an antigen to which the host has not been exposed is termed a "heterophile antibody" 5. Polyspecific Antibodies