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Transcript
The atmosphere is changing Observed impacts of climate change What can we project for the future Argon 0.930% Other gases 0.031% Oxygen 20.944% Nitrogen 78.057% Carbon Dioxide 0.039% IPCC 2013 CO2 H2 O CH4 Clouds Land Use Change Aerosols • • • • Chemical composition Radiative forcing Climate proxies Keeling curve The Atmosphere is Changing There is a 95% certainty that human activities are responsible for global warming Key findings from the Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) CO2 is at an “unprecedented” level not seen in the past 800,000 years Sea level is set to continue to rise at a faster rate than over the past 40 years Over the last 20 years, the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets have been melting and glaciers have receded in most parts of the world Sea Level Severe Storms Ocean Acidification Glaciers and Snow cover Precipitation Cycles Heat Waves These graphs show the average annual and decadal surface temperatures IPCC 2013 IPCC 2013 IPCC 2013 IPCC 2013 IPCC 2013 IPCC 2013 IPCC 2013 IPCC 2013 average minimum extent (1979-2010) Scientific Visualization Studio, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center IPCC 2013 IPCC 2013 • • • • Climate trend Heat capacity Arctic “minimum” Carbon sinks Observed Impacts of Climate Change The Atmosphere is Changing IPCC 2013 IPCC 2013 IPCC 2013 IPCC 2013 High emissions scenario IPCC 2013 Low emissions scenario High emissions scenario IPCC 2013 IPCC 2013 • • • • Emission scenarios Baseline Model Projection Global Regional Local Academic Energy Building Transportation Food Production Adaptation • IPCC, 2013: Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Stocker, T.F., D. Qin, G.-K. Plattner, M. Tignor, S. K. Allen, J. Boschung, A. Nauels, Y. Xia, V. Bex and P.M. Midgley (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA. Available from http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessmentreport/ar5/wg1/WG1AR5_SPM_FINAL.pdf (accessed February 14, 2014) • Ramaswamy, V., O. Boucher, J. Haigh, D. Hauglustaine, J. Haywood, G. Myhre, T. Nakajima, G. Y. Shi, and S. Solomon. 2001. Radiative forcing of climate change, Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis, Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change JT Houghton, et al.: 349–416.
