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Cells 7.1 - 11/30
ET: Glue in your ch. 7
learning targets and
complete the before
unit assessment of
what you already
know
POGIL – Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
• With your group members select a POGIL role
and place that card on your desk
• Remember your RED YELLOW GREEN cards
and make sure the spokes person has them
7.1/7.2 – Cells Review + Organelles
• LT: By the end of today I
will…
– List the levels of cell
organization from
smallest to largest
– Describe the functions
of cell organelles
– Identify cell organelles
• ET: Without using your
book or notes, identify
the cells below as either a
prokaryote or a
eukaryote…how do you
know?
A
B
Cells: The basic unit of life
Prokaryotes
• Smaller than Eukaryotes
• Have membranes and
cytoplasm
• Do have DNA – free floating
• NO NUCLEUS
Ex. Bacteria – E. coli
•
•
•
•
Eukaryotes
Do have a nucleus
Have cell membranes and
cytoplasm
Do have DNA
Dozens of specialized
structures called organelles
The Cell Theory
• All living things are composed of
cells
• Cells are the basic units of
structure and function in living
things
• New cells are produced from
existing cells
Cells maintain the structure and
carry out the functions of your
body!
Cell Reproduction (mitosis)
Levels of Organization (A nested Hierarchy)
Biology – 12/3/2015
• LT: Today I will …
– Identify organelles
of eukaryotic cells
– State the function
of organelles in
eukaryotic cells
CLUE
• ET:
1. What are the two
main types of
eukaryotic cells?
2. Name one
difference
between the two
(POGIL)
Organelles = Organs of a cell
1. Nucleus
2. Ribosome
3. Endoplasmic
Reticulum
4. Golgi apparatus
5. Chloroplast
6. Mitochondria
7. Cell membrane
8. lysosome
• You group will be assigned
an organelle to create a
SEE poster
 State the name of the
organelle
 Explain what the organelle
does for the cell
 Example of where it is
located & an analogy for
the organelles function
SEE Organelle Poster
State the name of the organelle
Explain what the organelle does for the cell
Example of where it is located & an analogy for
the organelles function
*Each person will be presenting the poster to a
small group and you will be evaluating your peer
presentations as well as taking notes on the
organelles
Partner Practice
1. Quiz the person sitting
across from
2. State the name of an
organelle and have them
repeat the function
3. Give hints if your partner
needs them and be sure to
re-quiz them on organelles
they struggle with
4. Get through at least 3
Exit Ticket – You will need a ½ sheet of
paper with your name on it
• List 3 organelles that you learned
about today (one of them can be
your own)
• State the organelles functions
Biology 12/04/2015 - Organelles
• LT: Today I will…
– Identify the structures
of the cell membrane
pg. 204
• Lipid Bilayer:
1. Phospholipid
2. Hydrophilic
3. hydrophobic
• Transport proteins
• ET: Draw and label a
phospholipid
– Define hydrophobic
and hydrophilic
The Nucleus
• Stores the DNA
• Runs the
functions of the
cell
Organelles that Store,
Clean up, and Support
• Vacuoles and Vesicles –
Store and move nutrients
• Lysosomes – Clean up crew
• Cytoskeleton – Support the
shape and movement of
the cell
Cytoskeleton
• Helps the cell maintain
shape and allows the cell
to move around
• Microtubules: Protein
tubes that maintain the
cells shape and act as
tracks for organelles to
move on
• Microfilaments: fibers for
movement and support
• Storage: water, salts, proteins, and
carbohydrates
• Smaller vacuoles are often called vesicles
Organelles that build proteins
• Ribosomes: The site of protein construction
• Endoplasmic Reticulum: Where proteins and
membrane lipids are made
• Golgi Apparatus: Shipping department
Ribosomes: Where Proteins are Made!
Endoplasmic Reticulum
• Rough: Components
of the membrane
are assembles and
proteins are
modified
Ex. Membrane
proteins
• Smooth: not covered in ribosomes and
performs specialized tasks such as synthesis
of lipids (cell membrane)
Golgi Apparatus: Proteins from the
Rough E.R. move here
• Attaches carbs.
and lipids to the
protein then
sends it on it’s
way to where it
is going
Organelles that Capture
and Release Energy
• Chloroplast: Plant cells
• Mitochondria: Animal and
Plant Cells
Chloroplasts: use energy from sunlight
to make glucose (photosynthesis)
Mitochondria: Use energy from food
to make energy for the cell (ATP)
Cellular Boundaries
• Cell wall – Plants
• Plasma membrane – Plants, Animals, Bacteria
The Cell Wall: Plant Cells Only
Provides support and protection for the cell
Plasma Membrane
• Made of a phospholipid bi-layer (2)
• Semi-permeable
Cell Practice Game!
• http://www.purposegames.com/game/thisanimal-cell-needs-labelling-quiz
The Plasma Membrane (cell membrane)
• LT: Today I will…
– Identify the structures of the
cell membrane
• Lipid Bilayer:
1. Phospholipid
2. Hydrophilic
3. hydrophobic
• Transport proteins
– Differentiate between the
different modes of
membrane transport
• Diffusion: passive vs.
facilitated
• Osmosis
• Active transport
• ET: Pick up a membrane
transport packet and
complete the first page –
5 min.
The Phospholipid Bi-layer (2 layers)
Let’s build it!!!!!!!!!
Membrane Proteins Let’s build them!!!
• Protein channels used to move
things in and out of the cell that
are too large to diffuse across
the membrane or are moving
against a concentration
gradient
Membrane Transport
• Active Transport (requires ATP energy)
– Protein pumps
– Endocytosis
– Exocytosis
• Passive Transport (no energy required)
– Simple diffusion
– Facilitated diffusion
• Diffusion: movement of molecules down a
concentration gradient? WHATS THAT?
– Osmosis: diffusion of water
– Facilitated diffusion: diffusion using a protein
• Active transport: uses a protein and requires
ATP for energy
Surface area to volume ratios
• Today you need your Ch. 7
study guide packet and
your membrane transport
packet
• LT: Today I will…
– Explain diffusion
– Predict the movement of
water molecules across a
membrane in Osmosis
– Explain why large animals
require trillions of cells vs.
a single celled bacteria
Osmosis – Diffusion of Water
Surface Area VS. Volume
• Lets take a look at this packet!
Surface Area VS. Volume
• Single celled/smaller organisms have a really
large outer-surface area compared to their
volume
• Multicellular organisms don’t, so they need lots
of cells to create the amount of surface area
needed for the amount of membrane transport
required to keep them alive.
– Ex. Our lungs need a lot of gas exchange to happen
across the cell membrane very quickly so we can
get the oxygen we need
Facilitated Diffusion
Active Transport
Summary of Transport
• Think of a situation in life that
could act as an analogy for each of
the types of membrane transport:
1. Diffusion (including osmosis)
2. Facilitated Diffusion
3. Active transport
7.4 Homeostasis and Cells
• LT: Today I will…
– Explain homeostasis
– Explain specialization of
cells and provide
examples
– Explain how
specialization of cells
allows us to maintain
homeostasis
• ET: Define homeostasis
Homeostasis – Maintaining a stable internal
environment physically and chemically
How do you do it?
Your cells are specialized for particular
tasks and communicate with one another
to maintain homeostasis
Cell Specialization/Differentiation
• Cells, Tissues, Organs, Systems, Organisms
LT: Identify the cell structures and
explain their functions
ET:
In at least 3 complete sentences, explain
how the cell is like a factory.
Note Cards
• On one side create a
colored picture and the
name. On the reverse side
write the function and facts
– Cell Wall
– Nucleus
– Cytoskeleton
– Ribosomes
– Rough and Smooth
Endoplasmic
Reticulum
– Golgi Apparatus
– Lysosome/Vesicle
– Vacuoles
– Chloroplasts
– Mitochondria
– Plasma Membrane