Download Unit 3 Guided Notes File

Name: __________________________________________
Mrs. Piper: Regents Biology
Date: ____________________
Period: ______________
Unit 3: Transport of Materials
Key Questions:
1. Why must materials enter and leave cells?
2. What materials need to enter and leave cells?
3. What role does the cell membrane play in transport of materials into and out of
a cell?
4. How do materials get into and out of a cell?
5. How do materials move within a cell?
Part 1: The role of the cell membrane
 Cells must maintain a constant internal environment (____________________________).
 So, materials (nutrients and wastes) must constantly move in and out of the cell
and throughout the cell like: _____________________________________________
 Cell membrane:
o The cell membrane is ___________________________________________________________
o The cell membrane _____________________________________________________ what is
transported into (absorption) and out of the cell.
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o Small molecules can pass easily (like water, glucose, amino acids, carbon
dioxide, and oxygen)
o Large molecules cannot pass easily (like _____________________________________)
o This is why large nutrients get broken down into the building
blocks during digestion!
o The cell membrane has a large _______________________________________ in
order for the absorption of nutrients to occur.
Part 2: How do materials get into and out of cells?
1. Diffusion and Osmosis:

Do NOT require ENERGY to move materials into and out of the cell.

Diffusion: ________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
o Concentration gradient: _________________________________________________
o Continues until ___________________________________ is reached – when
the molecules are distributed evenly.
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
Osmosis: _____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
o Occurs from an area of high water molecules to an area with low
o Draw the effects of osmosis on animal and plant cells:
Animal Cells
Plant Cells
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o Osmosis vocab for plant cells:
 Turgor pressure: __________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
 Plasmolysis: When in hypertonic solutions, the cell
membrane ________________________________
__________________________________________
2. Active Transport:

_____________________________________________________________________________________
to move materials into and out of cells.
o
Used to move materials against a concentration gradient or to move
larger molecules
Part 3: How do materials move within a cell?

Once inside the cell, materials can move by:
 _______________________________________________________________________
 __________________________ - streaming of the cytoplasm
 The ER and golgi body
Part 4: NY State Required Lab – Diffusion Through a Membrane
Week 1:
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Results:
1. Explain the ‘final state.’
a.
Which molecules diffused and why?
____________________________________________________________________________
b.
Which molecules did not diffuse and why?
___________________________________________________________________________
Week 2: Osmosis
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Results:
1. Explain what happened to the cells and why.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
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