Download Chapter 9: Learning and Memory Multiple Choice Questions (1

Chapter 9: Learning and Memory
Multiple Choice Questions (1-16)
1. Which is the best example of divided attention?
a. scanning a crowd looking for a friend
b. changing clothes in the dark
c. watching the lip movements of a singer while listening to the song
d. playing online poker while studying for a midterm
2. Which of the following is not a type of human memory system?
a. Working
b. Implicit
c. Semantic
d. Syntax
3. Explicit memory operates
a. unconsciously
b. consciously
c. slowly
d. quickly
4. Young children can immediately repeat short sentences spoken by their parents and
siblings, and then start to produce new sentences that also follow the rules of their
native language. The ability to produce new, rule-governed sentences is thought to
involve what kind of learning?
a. explicit
b. implicit
c. short term
d. working
5. Consolidation refers to
a. confirming the accuracy of a remembered event
b. forgetting a memory in old age
c. transforming information from temporary to permanent storage
d. merging memories together
6. The “anterograde amnesia” experienced by patient HM refers to
a. his inability to form new memories
b. his inability to recall events shortly before his surgery
c. his relatively intact short term memory
d. his ability to recall experiences from his childhood
7. An individual who seems to have normal intelligence but who has a severe loss of
memory for personal experiences is likely
a. to be suffering from amnesia
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b. to have difficulty in everyday conversations
c. to have impaired implicit thinking
d. all of the above
8. Memory consolidation is thought to occur in the
recollection of episodic memories requires the
a. neocortex, medial temporal lobe
b. medial temporal lobe, hippocampus
c. hippocampus, neocortex
d. prefrontal cortex, hippocampus
while conscious
.
9. The typical time span of long term memory is
a. milliseconds to seconds
b. seconds to hours
c. hours to months
d. months to lifetime
10. Maintaining working memory contents for a dozen seconds requires:
a. the prefrontal cortex
b. the medial temporal lobe
c. hippocampus
d. amygdala
11. Working memory is traditionally divided into
a. voluntary and unconscious processes
b. learning and retrieval
c. short term and long term
d. visual and verbal components
12.
memory involves facts about the world while
involves specific events at specific times and places.
a. episodic, semantic
b. semantic, episodic
c. explicit, implicit
d. implicit, explicit
memory
13. Voluntary actions are related to ________ processes while involuntary actions are
related to __________ processes.
a. explicit, implicit
b. verbal working memory, visual working memory
c. procedural, declarative
d. syntactic, semantic
14. Mechanisms believed to be involved in turning temporary synaptic connections into
long-lasting memory traces are:
a. Long term excitation and short term inhibition
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b. long term potentiation and long term depression
c. implicit thinking and explicit memory formation
d. located in the prefrontal lobe
15. A key difference between short-term memory and long-term memory is that
a. Short-term memory is sensitive to disruption, while long-term memory is
more resistant to disruption
b. Short-term memory is relatively insensitive to disruption, while long-term
memory is sensitive to disruption
c. Short-term memory lasts from days to weeks, while long-term memory lasts
from seconds to hours
d. Short-term memory processes are largely localized to the sensory cortex,
while long-term memory processes are distributed throughout the neocortex
16. A key difference between episodic memory and semantic memory is that
a. Episodic memories can be remembered with an active reconstruction of the
actual recalled event, while semantic memories typically involve a ‘feeling of
knowing’ rather than a fully conscious recollection of an event
b. Episodic memories are less susceptible to forgetting than semantic memories
c. Episodic memories typically involve a ‘feeling of knowing’ rather than a fully
conscious recollection of an event, while semantic memories can be
remembered with an active reconstruction of the actual recalled event
d. Episodic memories are relatively independent of context, while semantic
memories are context-dependent
Short Answer Questions (1-3)
1. How does dividing one’s attention affect memory encoding? Provide everyday
examples of the effects of divided attention on memory formation.
2. What are the key differences between episodic and semantic memory?
3. Provide everyday examples of types of non-declarative (non-conscious) memories.
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