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Transcript
The Origin of the Mitochondrion and the Chloroplast Endosymbiotic Theory We know that eukaryotic plant cells contain both of these organelles, each of which performs an important function Mitochondria - ATP energy production by cellular respiration Chloroplast – photosynthesis Where did mitochondria and chloroplasts come from? The answer is: Endosymbiotic theory Endo symbiotic Theory 1. It is based on the premise that chloroplasts and mitochondria were early prokaryotic cells 2. It is proposed that a larger cell “engulfed “ these smaller prokaryotic cells 3. The larger cell was able to make its own food through photosynthesis and break down food (produce energy) by cellular respiration Endosymbiotic Theory There are the following evidences of the theory: Both mitochondria and chloroplasts have: 1. single circular DNA that is different from that of the cell nucleus and that is similar to that of bacteria 2. double membranes 3. ribosomes - are like those found in bacteria 4. New mitochondria and plastids are formed only through a process similar to binary fission. 5. If a cell's mitochondria or chloroplasts are removed, cell does not have the means to create new ones.