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Transcript
Name:______________________________ Problem 1: Receptors A protein receptor binds a hormone outside the cell membrane and activates a protein kinase inside the cell. Is the receptor a peripheral or integral membrane protein? Problem 2: Signal Responses I Signaling between cells usually results in the activation of protein _______. Problem 3: Signal Responses II Tutorial to help answer the question Which of the following is NOT a typical event associated with cell signaling? Problem 4: Kinds of Signals A cell secretes growth factors that have a slow diffusion rate, and interacting only with other cells in the immediate area is an example of _______________ signaling. Problem 5: Bacterial Cell Signaling E.coli respond to increased solute concentrations by phosphorylation of the membrane receptor _______________, which transfers a phosphate to the subcellular second messenger ______________ that initiates transcription of the ___________ gene producing a protein that can prevent solute entry and preserve the osmotic integrity of the cell. Problem 6: Steroid Hormones Estrogen and testosterone are steroid hormones, and are most likely to bind to: Problem 7: Second Messengers Sending a signal through the cell membrane can lead to the production of second messengers inside the cell. Which of the following can serve as second messengers? Problem 8: Protein Kinase Cascades Some receptors for growth factors activate a protein kinase cascade, with the participation of multiple enzymes to effect a change in gene expression. Which of the following statements about a protein kinase cascade are true? Problem 9: G-proteins The endogenous GTPase activity of G-proteins serves to: Problem 10: Signaling Events In a fight-or-flight response, epinephrine released by the adrenal glands binds to a membrane receptor on muscle cells. Which of the following events result from ligand binding? Problem 11: Gap Junctions Direct cellular connections such as gap junctions in animal cells and plasmodesmata in plant cells permit: Problem 12: Cancer Therapy A new drug, STI-571 or Gleevec specifically inhibits the Abl tyrosine kinase that is mutated in chronic myeloid leukemia. Treating patients with the drug dramatically improves survival, but people with a "blast crisis" form of the cancer begin to develop resistance. Which of the following statements are important conclusions from studies on the use of STI-571 in cancer treatment?