Dual function of Swc5 in SWR remodeling ATPase activation and
... instead it catalyzes a histone exchange reaction that replaces nucleosomal H2A–H2B with free H2A.Z–H2B dimers delivered to the remodeler by one of several histone chaperones, such as Chz1, Nap1 and FACT (21,29,30). The directionality of the reaction is ensured by the regulation of the SWR ATPase tha ...
... instead it catalyzes a histone exchange reaction that replaces nucleosomal H2A–H2B with free H2A.Z–H2B dimers delivered to the remodeler by one of several histone chaperones, such as Chz1, Nap1 and FACT (21,29,30). The directionality of the reaction is ensured by the regulation of the SWR ATPase tha ...
The transcription factors Nkx2.2 and Nkx2.9 play a
... functions between the two transcription factors, we examined double-mutant mice lacking both Nkx2.2 and Nkx2.9 proteins with particular focus on their individual and combined roles in early cell lineage decisions in the spinal cord. Although floor plates were reported to be anatomically normal in Nk ...
... functions between the two transcription factors, we examined double-mutant mice lacking both Nkx2.2 and Nkx2.9 proteins with particular focus on their individual and combined roles in early cell lineage decisions in the spinal cord. Although floor plates were reported to be anatomically normal in Nk ...
Auxin: The Growth Hormone - Roberto Cezar | Fisiologista Vegetal
... Darwin and his son Francis studied plant growth phenomena involving tropisms. One of their interests was the bending of plants toward light. This phenomenon, which is caused by differential growth, is called phototropism. In some experiments the Darwins used seedlings of canary grass (Phalaris canar ...
... Darwin and his son Francis studied plant growth phenomena involving tropisms. One of their interests was the bending of plants toward light. This phenomenon, which is caused by differential growth, is called phototropism. In some experiments the Darwins used seedlings of canary grass (Phalaris canar ...
Inactivation of mouse Twisted gastrulation reveals its
... superfamily are major regulators of cell-cell signaling in animal development (Hogan, 1996; Massague and Chen, 2000). A gradient of Bmp activity establishes dorsoventral patterning in both vertebrate and invertebrate embryos. Studies in vertebrates and Drosophila have shown that Bmp/Dpp activity is ...
... superfamily are major regulators of cell-cell signaling in animal development (Hogan, 1996; Massague and Chen, 2000). A gradient of Bmp activity establishes dorsoventral patterning in both vertebrate and invertebrate embryos. Studies in vertebrates and Drosophila have shown that Bmp/Dpp activity is ...
PRH/Hex - Biochemical Journal
... in transcriptional activation. The PRH C-terminal domain is composed of almost four times as many acidic residues as basic residues [1] and has been shown to be involved in transcriptional activation of the bile transporter gene NTCP (sodium-dependent bile acid co-transporter) [30]. PRH binds to the ...
... in transcriptional activation. The PRH C-terminal domain is composed of almost four times as many acidic residues as basic residues [1] and has been shown to be involved in transcriptional activation of the bile transporter gene NTCP (sodium-dependent bile acid co-transporter) [30]. PRH binds to the ...
BAG1, a negative regulator of Hsp70 chaperone activity, uncouples
... conclusions are similar. Accessibility of the tryptic cleavage site generating the substrate binding domain is diminished in the presence of ATP, resulting in reduced levels of the C-terminal fragment (Figure 6). Consistent with the previous results, addition of BAG-1 in the presence of ATP led to t ...
... conclusions are similar. Accessibility of the tryptic cleavage site generating the substrate binding domain is diminished in the presence of ATP, resulting in reduced levels of the C-terminal fragment (Figure 6). Consistent with the previous results, addition of BAG-1 in the presence of ATP led to t ...
Serine Residues 286, 288, and 293 within the CIITA: A
... specific mutants were not tested for transcriptional activity, a separate experiment in that paper showed that the treatment of cells with inhibitors of phosphatase activity resulted in an increase in CIITA trans-activation and that this is associated with an increase in CIITA oligomerization and nu ...
... specific mutants were not tested for transcriptional activity, a separate experiment in that paper showed that the treatment of cells with inhibitors of phosphatase activity resulted in an increase in CIITA trans-activation and that this is associated with an increase in CIITA oligomerization and nu ...
DORNRÖSCHEN is a direct target of the auxin response factor
... probably relate to a secondary non-cell-autonomous signal downstream of DRN. The DRN::GFP transcriptional reporter and the DRN::DRN-GFP translational fusion were expressed throughout the 2-, 4-, 8- or 16cell embryo proper (Fig. 1B-G). From the 32-cell stage onwards, DRN::GFP expression was no longer ...
... probably relate to a secondary non-cell-autonomous signal downstream of DRN. The DRN::GFP transcriptional reporter and the DRN::DRN-GFP translational fusion were expressed throughout the 2-, 4-, 8- or 16cell embryo proper (Fig. 1B-G). From the 32-cell stage onwards, DRN::GFP expression was no longer ...
C/EBPα triggers proteasome‐dependent degradation of cdk4 during
... Progression through the cell cycle is driven by cyclindependent kinases whose activity is regulated by cyclins. Two major kinases, cdk2 and cdk4, are activated during G1, resulting in the release of Rb-dependent repression of E2F transcription and progression through S phase (Dyson 1998; Sherr and R ...
... Progression through the cell cycle is driven by cyclindependent kinases whose activity is regulated by cyclins. Two major kinases, cdk2 and cdk4, are activated during G1, resulting in the release of Rb-dependent repression of E2F transcription and progression through S phase (Dyson 1998; Sherr and R ...
PKC regulates the hypertrophic growth of cardiomyocytes through
... sufficient functions of selected PKC isozymes in regulating hypertrophic growth. Western blotting was performed from AdPKC-, AdPKCII-, AdPKC-, or AdPKC-infected cardiomyocytes to verify the integrity of each PKC isozyme– encoding adenovirus, to quantify overexpression levels, and to evaluate ant ...
... sufficient functions of selected PKC isozymes in regulating hypertrophic growth. Western blotting was performed from AdPKC-, AdPKCII-, AdPKC-, or AdPKC-infected cardiomyocytes to verify the integrity of each PKC isozyme– encoding adenovirus, to quantify overexpression levels, and to evaluate ant ...
POPCORN Functions in the Auxin Pathway to Regulate
... Proper organization and maintenance of both meristems depends on coordinated cell divisions that balance the number of stem cells and daughter cells that contribute to the initiation of organs. A number of transcription and signaling factors have been implicated in the functions of shoot and root me ...
... Proper organization and maintenance of both meristems depends on coordinated cell divisions that balance the number of stem cells and daughter cells that contribute to the initiation of organs. A number of transcription and signaling factors have been implicated in the functions of shoot and root me ...
EphA4 Receptor Forward Signaling Inhibits
... defects in glucagon secretion result in hyperglucagonemia and exacerbate hyperglycemia (6–8). Reducing the effects of glucagon excess is a valuable approach to prevent and ameliorate diabetic symptoms (9–11). Despite the critical role that dysfunctional glucagon secretion plays in the pathophysiolog ...
... defects in glucagon secretion result in hyperglucagonemia and exacerbate hyperglycemia (6–8). Reducing the effects of glucagon excess is a valuable approach to prevent and ameliorate diabetic symptoms (9–11). Despite the critical role that dysfunctional glucagon secretion plays in the pathophysiolog ...
Pulmonary Surfactant Protein A Activates a
... Measurement of [Ca2⫹]cyt was performed as described previously (23, 24). Briefly, MDM on 25-mm round glass coverslips were washed and loaded with fura 2 by addition of the cell-permeate form, fura 2-AM, in RPMI 1640 medium for 30 min at 37°C in 5% CO2. MDM were then washed with HEPES-buffered saline ...
... Measurement of [Ca2⫹]cyt was performed as described previously (23, 24). Briefly, MDM on 25-mm round glass coverslips were washed and loaded with fura 2 by addition of the cell-permeate form, fura 2-AM, in RPMI 1640 medium for 30 min at 37°C in 5% CO2. MDM were then washed with HEPES-buffered saline ...
Maternal control of the zebrafish organizer
... While inbreeding a strain of zebrafish containing the zygotic recessive mutation floating head (flh) (Talbot et al., 1995), we found six female fish that yielded embryos of unexpected phenotype. These embryos lacked anterior structures and notochords and had excessive development of ventral tail fin ...
... While inbreeding a strain of zebrafish containing the zygotic recessive mutation floating head (flh) (Talbot et al., 1995), we found six female fish that yielded embryos of unexpected phenotype. These embryos lacked anterior structures and notochords and had excessive development of ventral tail fin ...
Spectrin functions upstream of ankyrin in a spectrin cytoskeleton
... Published October 23, 2006 ...
... Published October 23, 2006 ...
SOX9 specifies the pyloric sphincter epithelium
... The function of SOX9 was recently shown to be dependent and regulated by its nuclear-cytoplasmic hindgut and in the midgut (Fig. 2A). At this stage, SOX9 translocation in the developing gonad (de Santa Barbara et al., expression in the esophageal epithelium is high at the base of 2000; Gasca et al., ...
... The function of SOX9 was recently shown to be dependent and regulated by its nuclear-cytoplasmic hindgut and in the midgut (Fig. 2A). At this stage, SOX9 translocation in the developing gonad (de Santa Barbara et al., expression in the esophageal epithelium is high at the base of 2000; Gasca et al., ...
Nicotinic Acid Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (NAADP) and Cyclic
... remodeling of the Ca2+ signaling components [4]. The heart is a highly plastic organ that undergoes hypertrophy in response to different types of stimuli [5,6]. The remodeling responsible for cardiac hypertrophy is a compensatory mechanism that increases the stroke volume to meet the work demand of ...
... remodeling of the Ca2+ signaling components [4]. The heart is a highly plastic organ that undergoes hypertrophy in response to different types of stimuli [5,6]. The remodeling responsible for cardiac hypertrophy is a compensatory mechanism that increases the stroke volume to meet the work demand of ...
The functional relationship between ectodermal and mesodermal
... normal patterning and pattern maintenance (Azpiazu et al., 1996, Frasch, 1999). In summary, in Drosophila, ectoderm segments autonomously and provides at least some patterning information to the mesoderm. This also appears to be true for other holometabola insects. Ablation studies in the lacewing C ...
... normal patterning and pattern maintenance (Azpiazu et al., 1996, Frasch, 1999). In summary, in Drosophila, ectoderm segments autonomously and provides at least some patterning information to the mesoderm. This also appears to be true for other holometabola insects. Ablation studies in the lacewing C ...
Conserved features of cohesin binding along
... has emerged that defines these sites. In budding yeast, cohesin appears to be excluded from transcribed open reading frames (ORFs) and accumulates almost exclusively at convergent RNA polymerase II (Pol II) transcriptional termination sites (called 'convergent sites' in the following) [6-8]. In cont ...
... has emerged that defines these sites. In budding yeast, cohesin appears to be excluded from transcribed open reading frames (ORFs) and accumulates almost exclusively at convergent RNA polymerase II (Pol II) transcriptional termination sites (called 'convergent sites' in the following) [6-8]. In cont ...
Development 128, 4439-4447 (2001)
... Tsg and Xolloid ventralize Xenopus embryos In zebrafish, microinjection of Tsg mRNA leads to dorsalization of the embryo, in particular to an expansion of the hindbrain marker krox20 in the neural plate (Ross et al., 2001). By contrast, in Xenopus, Tsg mRNA microinjection causes reductions of anteri ...
... Tsg and Xolloid ventralize Xenopus embryos In zebrafish, microinjection of Tsg mRNA leads to dorsalization of the embryo, in particular to an expansion of the hindbrain marker krox20 in the neural plate (Ross et al., 2001). By contrast, in Xenopus, Tsg mRNA microinjection causes reductions of anteri ...
understanding the role of sumoylation in regulating lkb1 function
... I have had a village that supported and cheered me on in this journey. None of this would have been accomplished or even possible without them. And for that, I am forever grateful. To begin with, I would like to thank my mentor Dr. Edward Yeh for his role in nurturing me into a more polished and ind ...
... I have had a village that supported and cheered me on in this journey. None of this would have been accomplished or even possible without them. And for that, I am forever grateful. To begin with, I would like to thank my mentor Dr. Edward Yeh for his role in nurturing me into a more polished and ind ...
Functional analysis of parvin and different modes of IPP
... Integrin-linked kinase (ILK), PINCH and parvin constitute the tripartite IPP complex that maintains the integrin–actin link at embryonic muscle attachment sites (MASs) in Drosophila. Here we showed that parvin null mutants in Drosophila exhibit defects in muscle adhesion, similar to ILK and PINCH mu ...
... Integrin-linked kinase (ILK), PINCH and parvin constitute the tripartite IPP complex that maintains the integrin–actin link at embryonic muscle attachment sites (MASs) in Drosophila. Here we showed that parvin null mutants in Drosophila exhibit defects in muscle adhesion, similar to ILK and PINCH mu ...
Schubert, C. M., R. Lin, C. J. de Vries, R. H. A.
... and Shelton, 1999). We performed a genetic screen for maternal effect lethal mutants with this muscle excess (mex) phenotype (see Experimental Procedures). In addition to alleles of the par and mex-1 genes, we identified an allele, zu199, of a novel gene we call mex-5. Embryos from homozygous mex-5( ...
... and Shelton, 1999). We performed a genetic screen for maternal effect lethal mutants with this muscle excess (mex) phenotype (see Experimental Procedures). In addition to alleles of the par and mex-1 genes, we identified an allele, zu199, of a novel gene we call mex-5. Embryos from homozygous mex-5( ...
Control of Pre-mRNA Splicing by the General Splicing Factors
... cells alters the splicing pattern of endogenous transcripts, consistent with the idea that regulation of PUF60 and U2AF65 levels can dictate alternative splicing patterns. Our results indicate that recognition of 39 splice sites involves different U2AF-like molecules, and that modulation of these ge ...
... cells alters the splicing pattern of endogenous transcripts, consistent with the idea that regulation of PUF60 and U2AF65 levels can dictate alternative splicing patterns. Our results indicate that recognition of 39 splice sites involves different U2AF-like molecules, and that modulation of these ge ...
Hedgehog signaling pathway
The Hedgehog signaling pathway (or signalling pathway; see spelling differences) is a signaling pathway that transmits information to embryonic cells required for proper development. Different parts of the embryo have different concentrations of hedgehog signaling proteins. The pathway also has roles in the adult. Diseases associated with the malfunction of this pathway include basal cell carcinoma.The Hedgehog signaling pathway is one of the key regulators of animal development and is present in all bilaterians. The pathway takes its name from its polypeptide ligand, an intercellular signaling molecule called Hedgehog (Hh) found in fruit flies of the genus Drosophila. Hh is one of Drosophila's segment polarity gene products, involved in establishing the basis of the fly body plan. The molecule remains important during later stages of embryogenesis and metamorphosis.Mammals have three Hedgehog homologues, DHH, IHH, and SHH, of which Sonic (SHH) is the best studied. The pathway is equally important during vertebrate embryonic development. In knockout mice lacking components of the pathway, the brain, skeleton, musculature, gastrointestinal tract and lungs fail to develop correctly. Recent studies point to the role of Hedgehog signaling in regulating adult stem cells involved in maintenance and regeneration of adult tissues. The pathway has also been implicated in the development of some cancers. Drugs that specifically target Hedgehog signaling to fight this disease are being actively developed by a number of pharmaceutical companies.