The TSC1–TSC2 complex: a molecular switchboard controlling cell
... organ growth in Drosophila. Three very similar, but independent, genetic screens for regulators of organ growth identified loss-offunction mutations in the Drosophila Tsc1 gene as causative of an eye-overgrowth phenotype [13,14,19]. The organ overgrowth resulting from Tsc1 mutations was found to res ...
... organ growth in Drosophila. Three very similar, but independent, genetic screens for regulators of organ growth identified loss-offunction mutations in the Drosophila Tsc1 gene as causative of an eye-overgrowth phenotype [13,14,19]. The organ overgrowth resulting from Tsc1 mutations was found to res ...
Brock_Charter_Christopher_2011
... in embryonic development, as well as organ homeostasis in the adult. In organisms such as adult axolotls and newts, RA is also important for regeneration of the CNS, limb, tail, and many other organ systems. RA mediates many of its effects in development and regeneration through nuclear receptors, k ...
... in embryonic development, as well as organ homeostasis in the adult. In organisms such as adult axolotls and newts, RA is also important for regeneration of the CNS, limb, tail, and many other organ systems. RA mediates many of its effects in development and regeneration through nuclear receptors, k ...
Supplementary Table 1
... Under these conditions, the cell must synthesize most of its amino acids (except those for which it is auxotrophic), and to do so it relies on amino acid biosynthetic enzymes, whose production depends on Gcn4. Consequently, gcn4∆ cells are severely compromised for growth in this medium 17 (doubling ...
... Under these conditions, the cell must synthesize most of its amino acids (except those for which it is auxotrophic), and to do so it relies on amino acid biosynthetic enzymes, whose production depends on Gcn4. Consequently, gcn4∆ cells are severely compromised for growth in this medium 17 (doubling ...
Life and death of transcriptional co
... cytoplasmic degradation, which is an integral part of the normal p300 regulation. Activation of gene expression requires concellular regulatory process.57 Interestingly, p300 is differentially certed action of sequence-specific transcription factors, co-actirecruited to aggresome in breast cancer an ...
... cytoplasmic degradation, which is an integral part of the normal p300 regulation. Activation of gene expression requires concellular regulatory process.57 Interestingly, p300 is differentially certed action of sequence-specific transcription factors, co-actirecruited to aggresome in breast cancer an ...
Endoplasmic Reticulum-Associated Degradation of Ricin A Chain
... 1993), a type I ribosome-inactivating protein structurally homologous to RTA but characterized by a high Lys content. Since RTA expression was known to be toxic to plant cells (Frigerio et al., 1998), and since this toxicity may somehow affect degradation kinetics, all these changes were introduced ...
... 1993), a type I ribosome-inactivating protein structurally homologous to RTA but characterized by a high Lys content. Since RTA expression was known to be toxic to plant cells (Frigerio et al., 1998), and since this toxicity may somehow affect degradation kinetics, all these changes were introduced ...
PDF
... (Cubadda et al., 1997; Ramain et al., 1993) in the medial notum territory (Sato and Saigo, 2000; Tomoyasu et al., 2000). Pnr, probably together with Ush (Haenlin et al., 1997), represses Iro-C in this region and permits its specification as medial notum (Calleja et al., 2000). An anterior/posterior ...
... (Cubadda et al., 1997; Ramain et al., 1993) in the medial notum territory (Sato and Saigo, 2000; Tomoyasu et al., 2000). Pnr, probably together with Ush (Haenlin et al., 1997), represses Iro-C in this region and permits its specification as medial notum (Calleja et al., 2000). An anterior/posterior ...
title of the thesis - UWSpace
... Modulation of cell adhesion is essential to the cell rearrangements that characterize Xenopus gastrulation. The spatial and temporal regulation of cell movement requires a highly coordinated cross-talk between cadherin and integrin adhesion receptors. While the adhesive properties and morphogenetic ...
... Modulation of cell adhesion is essential to the cell rearrangements that characterize Xenopus gastrulation. The spatial and temporal regulation of cell movement requires a highly coordinated cross-talk between cadherin and integrin adhesion receptors. While the adhesive properties and morphogenetic ...
A GH3-like Domain in Reaper Is Required for Mitochondrial
... inactive, allowing cell survival. However, in response to diverse apoptotic stimuli, cells can initiate signaling pathways leading to the activation of caspases and consequent proteolytic cleavage of key intracellular substrates. Acting in opposition to the caspases is a family of proteins known as ...
... inactive, allowing cell survival. However, in response to diverse apoptotic stimuli, cells can initiate signaling pathways leading to the activation of caspases and consequent proteolytic cleavage of key intracellular substrates. Acting in opposition to the caspases is a family of proteins known as ...
Full Text - Labs / Projects - Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
... Members of the Rho family of small GTPases have been shown to be important regulators of cellular behavior, especially actin cytoskeletal organization and acto-myosin based contractility (Hall, 1998). Rho proteins function as molecular switches, cycling between an active GTP-bound state and an inact ...
... Members of the Rho family of small GTPases have been shown to be important regulators of cellular behavior, especially actin cytoskeletal organization and acto-myosin based contractility (Hall, 1998). Rho proteins function as molecular switches, cycling between an active GTP-bound state and an inact ...
The Spemann Organizer Signal noggin Binds and
... MAb1A4’s effects were specific for Xenopus noggin, since induction of muscle actin by human noggin protein or by injection of mRNAs encoding two alternative dorsalizing agents—chordin and a dominant negative BMP receptor—was not inhibited by the presence of this antibody (Figure 6D). We then compare ...
... MAb1A4’s effects were specific for Xenopus noggin, since induction of muscle actin by human noggin protein or by injection of mRNAs encoding two alternative dorsalizing agents—chordin and a dominant negative BMP receptor—was not inhibited by the presence of this antibody (Figure 6D). We then compare ...
Integrated tRNA, transcript, and protein profiles in
... correlation), suggesting that while tRNA gene copy numbers may generally correlate with genomic codon usage in Drosophila, the relative abundance of each tRNA species is more finely tuned to the frequency of codon usage specific to Kc167 cells. Together, these results validate the estimation of tRNA ...
... correlation), suggesting that while tRNA gene copy numbers may generally correlate with genomic codon usage in Drosophila, the relative abundance of each tRNA species is more finely tuned to the frequency of codon usage specific to Kc167 cells. Together, these results validate the estimation of tRNA ...
BMC Developmental Biology
... Results: Our data show that the level of BMP4 signaling is critical for the regulation of distinct Tbx2, Tbx3, Tbx5 and Vax2 gene expression domains along the dorso-ventral axis of the mouse optic cup. BMP4 signaling gradients were manipulated in whole mouse embryo cultures during optic cup developm ...
... Results: Our data show that the level of BMP4 signaling is critical for the regulation of distinct Tbx2, Tbx3, Tbx5 and Vax2 gene expression domains along the dorso-ventral axis of the mouse optic cup. BMP4 signaling gradients were manipulated in whole mouse embryo cultures during optic cup developm ...
Bacterial Quorum-Sensing Network Architectures
... cell density and species complexity. Quorum sensing allows bacteria to switch between two distinct gene expression programs: one that is favored at low-cell-density (LCD) for individual, asocial behaviors, and another that is favored at high-cell-density (HCD) for social, group behaviors (reviewed i ...
... cell density and species complexity. Quorum sensing allows bacteria to switch between two distinct gene expression programs: one that is favored at low-cell-density (LCD) for individual, asocial behaviors, and another that is favored at high-cell-density (HCD) for social, group behaviors (reviewed i ...
Cooperative and independent functions of FGF and Wnt signaling
... contrast, Wnt signaling is required to stabilize otic vs. epidermal/epibranchial cell fate decisions within the OEPD [11, 14–16]. In mouse, the Wnt signaling reporter, TCF/ Lef-lacZ [14, 17], is active after specification of the OEPD [14, 18, 19]. Furthermore, in chick, either activation or inhibiti ...
... contrast, Wnt signaling is required to stabilize otic vs. epidermal/epibranchial cell fate decisions within the OEPD [11, 14–16]. In mouse, the Wnt signaling reporter, TCF/ Lef-lacZ [14, 17], is active after specification of the OEPD [14, 18, 19]. Furthermore, in chick, either activation or inhibiti ...
PDF + SI - Development - The Company of Biologists
... The T-box transcription factor (TF) Eomesodermin (Eomes), acting downstream of Nodal/Smad signals, is required to promote AVE formation and orientation of the A-P axis (Arnold et al., 2008a; Ciruna and Rossant, 1999; Nowotschin et al., 2013), as well as EMT of nascent mesoderm cells (Arnold et al., ...
... The T-box transcription factor (TF) Eomesodermin (Eomes), acting downstream of Nodal/Smad signals, is required to promote AVE formation and orientation of the A-P axis (Arnold et al., 2008a; Ciruna and Rossant, 1999; Nowotschin et al., 2013), as well as EMT of nascent mesoderm cells (Arnold et al., ...
Sensitive Interaction between Raptor a
... the eIF-4E binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) (Brunn et al., 1997; Burnett et al., 1998; Isotani et al., 1999). Recent work suggests that deregulation of the mTOR pathway plays a role in the pathogenesis of human disease, as the pathway is constitutively active in tuberous sclerosis complex (Goncharova et a ...
... the eIF-4E binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) (Brunn et al., 1997; Burnett et al., 1998; Isotani et al., 1999). Recent work suggests that deregulation of the mTOR pathway plays a role in the pathogenesis of human disease, as the pathway is constitutively active in tuberous sclerosis complex (Goncharova et a ...
Polycystin-1 maturation requires polycystin-2 in a dose
... cially seen under stringent (high-salt) conditions (Figure 1B and Supplemental Figure 1E). This indicates that complexing initiated in the ER before GPS/GAIN cleavage. Prolonged treatment with swainsonine, a small-molecule inhibitor of Golgi α-mannosidase II that blocks mature (post-ER) glycosylatio ...
... cially seen under stringent (high-salt) conditions (Figure 1B and Supplemental Figure 1E). This indicates that complexing initiated in the ER before GPS/GAIN cleavage. Prolonged treatment with swainsonine, a small-molecule inhibitor of Golgi α-mannosidase II that blocks mature (post-ER) glycosylatio ...
Intercellular Coupling Regulates the Period of the Segmentation Clock
... significantly from the average period of autonomous oscillations (Figure 1A). Although this has been studied in mathematical models, and in engineered systems of coupled lasers [8], examples of this scenario have not been identified in biological systems. The zebrafish segmentation clock may provide ...
... significantly from the average period of autonomous oscillations (Figure 1A). Although this has been studied in mathematical models, and in engineered systems of coupled lasers [8], examples of this scenario have not been identified in biological systems. The zebrafish segmentation clock may provide ...
Coordination of Hox identity between germ layers along the anterior
... During early embryonic development, a relatively undifferentiated mass of cells is shaped into a complex and morphologically differentiated embryo. This is achieved by a series of coordinated cell movements that end up in the formation of the three germ layers of most metazoans and the establishment ...
... During early embryonic development, a relatively undifferentiated mass of cells is shaped into a complex and morphologically differentiated embryo. This is achieved by a series of coordinated cell movements that end up in the formation of the three germ layers of most metazoans and the establishment ...
Benzoate mediates the simultaneous repression of anaerobic 4
... denitrifying alphaproteobacterium Magnetospirillum sp. strain pMbN1 anaerobically degrades a wide variety of aliphatic and aromatic compounds and is unique for anaerobic degradation of 4-methylbenzoate. The latter proceeds via a distinct reaction sequence analogous to the central anaerobic benzoyl-C ...
... denitrifying alphaproteobacterium Magnetospirillum sp. strain pMbN1 anaerobically degrades a wide variety of aliphatic and aromatic compounds and is unique for anaerobic degradation of 4-methylbenzoate. The latter proceeds via a distinct reaction sequence analogous to the central anaerobic benzoyl-C ...
PDF
... embryos, antagonism of Wnt signaling allows the formation of anterior structures at the expense of posterior ones (Leyns et al., 1997; Glinka et al., 1998). This is also true for zebrafish: morpholino knockdown of wnt8a results in embryos that predominantly form head but lack posterior structures (E ...
... embryos, antagonism of Wnt signaling allows the formation of anterior structures at the expense of posterior ones (Leyns et al., 1997; Glinka et al., 1998). This is also true for zebrafish: morpholino knockdown of wnt8a results in embryos that predominantly form head but lack posterior structures (E ...
Chato, a KRAB zinc-finger protein, regulates
... midline of mouse embryos during the lengthening of the node along the anterior-posterior axis (Yamanaka et al., 2007). However, the importance of convergent extension movements to elongation of other embryonic tissues is not clear, in part owing to a lack of analysis of cell behavior during these st ...
... midline of mouse embryos during the lengthening of the node along the anterior-posterior axis (Yamanaka et al., 2007). However, the importance of convergent extension movements to elongation of other embryonic tissues is not clear, in part owing to a lack of analysis of cell behavior during these st ...
Dynamic modification of the ETS transcription factor PEA3 by
... the potential interplay between these two modifications. We demonstrate that PEA3 is acetylated in a p300-dependent manner. ERK MAPK pathway signalling potentiates acetylation of PEA3, and enhances its trans-activation capacity. However, the major acetylation and sumoylation events take place on the ...
... the potential interplay between these two modifications. We demonstrate that PEA3 is acetylated in a p300-dependent manner. ERK MAPK pathway signalling potentiates acetylation of PEA3, and enhances its trans-activation capacity. However, the major acetylation and sumoylation events take place on the ...
Physical and functional link of the leukemia
... far, it has been reported that AML1 is disrupted by other translocations such as t(3;21),3,4 t(12;21),5,6 and t(16;21).7,8 AML1 also has been found to be mutated in familial platelet disorder (FPD) associated with a predisposition to leukemia9 and in sporadic cases of AML and myelodysplastic syndrom ...
... far, it has been reported that AML1 is disrupted by other translocations such as t(3;21),3,4 t(12;21),5,6 and t(16;21).7,8 AML1 also has been found to be mutated in familial platelet disorder (FPD) associated with a predisposition to leukemia9 and in sporadic cases of AML and myelodysplastic syndrom ...
Steroid Hormone Induction Of Temporal Gene Expression
... factors that are necessary to generate neuronal diversity in the adult visual system (Bertet et al., 2014; Li et al., ...
... factors that are necessary to generate neuronal diversity in the adult visual system (Bertet et al., 2014; Li et al., ...
Hedgehog signaling pathway
The Hedgehog signaling pathway (or signalling pathway; see spelling differences) is a signaling pathway that transmits information to embryonic cells required for proper development. Different parts of the embryo have different concentrations of hedgehog signaling proteins. The pathway also has roles in the adult. Diseases associated with the malfunction of this pathway include basal cell carcinoma.The Hedgehog signaling pathway is one of the key regulators of animal development and is present in all bilaterians. The pathway takes its name from its polypeptide ligand, an intercellular signaling molecule called Hedgehog (Hh) found in fruit flies of the genus Drosophila. Hh is one of Drosophila's segment polarity gene products, involved in establishing the basis of the fly body plan. The molecule remains important during later stages of embryogenesis and metamorphosis.Mammals have three Hedgehog homologues, DHH, IHH, and SHH, of which Sonic (SHH) is the best studied. The pathway is equally important during vertebrate embryonic development. In knockout mice lacking components of the pathway, the brain, skeleton, musculature, gastrointestinal tract and lungs fail to develop correctly. Recent studies point to the role of Hedgehog signaling in regulating adult stem cells involved in maintenance and regeneration of adult tissues. The pathway has also been implicated in the development of some cancers. Drugs that specifically target Hedgehog signaling to fight this disease are being actively developed by a number of pharmaceutical companies.