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Cell regulation by the Apc protein Apc as master regulator of epithelia
... but also in intestinal tissue depleted of Apc [38]. Similar defects are observed in cells expressing N-terminal fragments of Apc [53] and intestinal tissue from Min mice displays failures in cytokinesis [54]. The expression of Nterminal fragments of Apc, similar to those present in human tumours, m ...
... but also in intestinal tissue depleted of Apc [38]. Similar defects are observed in cells expressing N-terminal fragments of Apc [53] and intestinal tissue from Min mice displays failures in cytokinesis [54]. The expression of Nterminal fragments of Apc, similar to those present in human tumours, m ...
ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation: GENETIC REGULATION OF AUTOPHAGIC CELL... Sudeshna Dutta, Doctor of Philosophy, 2008
... Programmed cell death was initially defined as a series of events that finally leads to the death of a cell (Lockshin and Williams, 1965). This descriptive definition of programmed cell death was validated when it was shown that genes are required for this process, and that they can be placed into a ...
... Programmed cell death was initially defined as a series of events that finally leads to the death of a cell (Lockshin and Williams, 1965). This descriptive definition of programmed cell death was validated when it was shown that genes are required for this process, and that they can be placed into a ...
Cooperative Regulation of Cell Polarity and Growth by Drosophila
... different epithelia suggests that the three proteins are components of the fundamental machinery that creates the distinctive architecture of epithelial cells and tissues. To test this assertion, we compared the scrib phenotype to that of lgl and dlg in a third major epithelium, the larval imaginal ...
... different epithelia suggests that the three proteins are components of the fundamental machinery that creates the distinctive architecture of epithelial cells and tissues. To test this assertion, we compared the scrib phenotype to that of lgl and dlg in a third major epithelium, the larval imaginal ...
Disruption of somitogenesis by a novel dominant allele of Lfng
... maintains the enzymatic activity of endogenous LFNG, but has a longer intracellular half-life than the wild-type LFNG protein (Shifley and Cole, 2008). We expressed RLFNG in vivo by replacing exon 1 of the endogenous Lfng locus with a new exon containing sequences encoding the N-terminus and type II ...
... maintains the enzymatic activity of endogenous LFNG, but has a longer intracellular half-life than the wild-type LFNG protein (Shifley and Cole, 2008). We expressed RLFNG in vivo by replacing exon 1 of the endogenous Lfng locus with a new exon containing sequences encoding the N-terminus and type II ...
Guanine Nucleotide Exchange-Independent Activation of Gs Protein
... 1996; Seifert et al., 1998, Hatley et al., 2003; Lutz et al., 2002). These reports include observations dating from late 1970s to the present day. However, the activation in the presence of GDP is considered as either inconsequential or artifactual (i.e., explained by the conversion of GDP to GTP by ...
... 1996; Seifert et al., 1998, Hatley et al., 2003; Lutz et al., 2002). These reports include observations dating from late 1970s to the present day. However, the activation in the presence of GDP is considered as either inconsequential or artifactual (i.e., explained by the conversion of GDP to GTP by ...
HER2
... Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a member of the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK). ...
... Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a member of the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK). ...
articles - Saleh Lab
... sequence-specific gene silencing1. A number of animal cells can naturally take up exogenous dsRNA and use it to initiate RNAi silencing2,3. In some organisms, such as Drosophila, certain cells can efficiently take up dsRNA but seem to be unable to transmit this dsRNA to other cells in the body4. dsR ...
... sequence-specific gene silencing1. A number of animal cells can naturally take up exogenous dsRNA and use it to initiate RNAi silencing2,3. In some organisms, such as Drosophila, certain cells can efficiently take up dsRNA but seem to be unable to transmit this dsRNA to other cells in the body4. dsR ...
The intercalated disc-associated Xin family of proteins in cardiac
... Intercalated discs (ICDs) are cardiac-specific structures located at the longitudinal termini of cardiomyocytes. Classically, the functions assigned to ICDs include mechanical and electrical communication among adjacent cardiomyocytes. More recently, it has been increasingly realized that ICDs also ...
... Intercalated discs (ICDs) are cardiac-specific structures located at the longitudinal termini of cardiomyocytes. Classically, the functions assigned to ICDs include mechanical and electrical communication among adjacent cardiomyocytes. More recently, it has been increasingly realized that ICDs also ...
regionally specific induction by the spemann
... Our understanding of the secreted effectors of the organizer began with the discovery of the trunk inducer, when it was realized that secondary trunks can be elicited in X. laevis by overexpression of BMP inhibitors1 (FIG. 2). Since then, it has become clear that a common feature of both head and tr ...
... Our understanding of the secreted effectors of the organizer began with the discovery of the trunk inducer, when it was realized that secondary trunks can be elicited in X. laevis by overexpression of BMP inhibitors1 (FIG. 2). Since then, it has become clear that a common feature of both head and tr ...
Identification of proteins localized to the contractile vacuole of
... V-H+-ATPase subunit a (100 kDa Subunit) Subunit a of V-ATPase (96~116 kDa protein) has been cloned from rat brain (Perin et al. 1991), human (Li et al. 1996), yeast (Manolson et al. 1992), and Dictyostelium (Liu and Clarke 1996) . It has an N-terminal hydrophilic domain exposed to the cytoplasm and ...
... V-H+-ATPase subunit a (100 kDa Subunit) Subunit a of V-ATPase (96~116 kDa protein) has been cloned from rat brain (Perin et al. 1991), human (Li et al. 1996), yeast (Manolson et al. 1992), and Dictyostelium (Liu and Clarke 1996) . It has an N-terminal hydrophilic domain exposed to the cytoplasm and ...
Word document
... unlikely a direct cause of large-scale chromatin unfolding by estrogen receptor and that a chromatin remodeling complex component is in the right place at the right time to potentially be involved in large-scale chromatin unfolding (Chapter 2). Still, there may exist a class of undiscovered proteins ...
... unlikely a direct cause of large-scale chromatin unfolding by estrogen receptor and that a chromatin remodeling complex component is in the right place at the right time to potentially be involved in large-scale chromatin unfolding (Chapter 2). Still, there may exist a class of undiscovered proteins ...
Ribosomes slide on lysine-encoding homopolymeric A stretches
... eLife digest Genes provide the instructions to assemble proteins from smaller molecules called amino acids. When a gene is ‘switched on’, the DNA that makes up the gene is copied into messenger ribonucleic acid (or mRNA) molecules, composed of building blocks called nucleotides. There are four types ...
... eLife digest Genes provide the instructions to assemble proteins from smaller molecules called amino acids. When a gene is ‘switched on’, the DNA that makes up the gene is copied into messenger ribonucleic acid (or mRNA) molecules, composed of building blocks called nucleotides. There are four types ...
PDF
... anteroposterior (head to tail) embryonic structures is specified early during animal embryogenesis. In vertebrates, this process of axes formation is initiated by bcatenin, a transcriptional effector of Wnt signaling, which marks the prospective dorsal side. Thus far, all known regulators of axis sp ...
... anteroposterior (head to tail) embryonic structures is specified early during animal embryogenesis. In vertebrates, this process of axes formation is initiated by bcatenin, a transcriptional effector of Wnt signaling, which marks the prospective dorsal side. Thus far, all known regulators of axis sp ...
Natalia Gromak, Alexis Rideau,
... in exon 3 skipping if the long PTB4 isoform was transfected, but a decrease with the shorter PTB1 isoform (Wollerton et al., 2001). In contrast to all other known examples of PTB-regulated splicing, with TM exon 3, strong repression only occurs in SM cells despite the widespread expression of PTB. I ...
... in exon 3 skipping if the long PTB4 isoform was transfected, but a decrease with the shorter PTB1 isoform (Wollerton et al., 2001). In contrast to all other known examples of PTB-regulated splicing, with TM exon 3, strong repression only occurs in SM cells despite the widespread expression of PTB. I ...
The Metamorphosis of the Aleurone Protein Storage Vacuole
... GA-treated cells is likely to form from the coalescence of smaller protein storage vacuoles (Jones and Price, 1970). Several pieces of evidence from electron microscopy studies support this idea. First, protein storage vacuoles are not separate organelles, but are linked by tonoplast connections (Jo ...
... GA-treated cells is likely to form from the coalescence of smaller protein storage vacuoles (Jones and Price, 1970). Several pieces of evidence from electron microscopy studies support this idea. First, protein storage vacuoles are not separate organelles, but are linked by tonoplast connections (Jo ...
Transcriptional regulation of mammalian autophagy at a glance
... referred to as p53) has been described to inhibit mTORC1 and thus to activate autophagy, several studies have shown that cytoplasmic p53 is a potent inhibitor of autophagy. The mechanisms for this inhibition are largely unknown (Green and Kroemer, 2009); however, post-transcriptional downregulation ...
... referred to as p53) has been described to inhibit mTORC1 and thus to activate autophagy, several studies have shown that cytoplasmic p53 is a potent inhibitor of autophagy. The mechanisms for this inhibition are largely unknown (Green and Kroemer, 2009); however, post-transcriptional downregulation ...
Analysis of the tendon cell fate - Development
... We show that the later expression of scleraxis is specific to the developing connective tissue that mediates the attachment of muscle to bone including tendons, as well as in ligaments mediating the connection between bones. Scleraxis is continuously expressed in a population of cells from early som ...
... We show that the later expression of scleraxis is specific to the developing connective tissue that mediates the attachment of muscle to bone including tendons, as well as in ligaments mediating the connection between bones. Scleraxis is continuously expressed in a population of cells from early som ...
Minguillon et al., 2005
... missing in a limb-restricted Tbx5 knockout (Rallis et al., 2003). One of the earliest molecular read-outs of limb initiation is the expression of Fgf10 in the prospective limb fields (Min et al., 1998; Sekine et al., 1999). When Tbx5 is inactivated, Fgf10 is never expressed in the prospective foreli ...
... missing in a limb-restricted Tbx5 knockout (Rallis et al., 2003). One of the earliest molecular read-outs of limb initiation is the expression of Fgf10 in the prospective limb fields (Min et al., 1998; Sekine et al., 1999). When Tbx5 is inactivated, Fgf10 is never expressed in the prospective foreli ...
Tyr130 phosphorylation triggers Syk release
... phosphopeptide corresponding in sequence to the doubly phosphorylated ITAM (dp-ITAM) of CD79a immobilized on streptavidin-agarose. Syk was recovered from detergent cell lysates by immobilized dp-ITAM peptide (Fig. 1A, WT) and not by nonphosphorylated ITAM peptide (data not shown). Pretreatment of ce ...
... phosphopeptide corresponding in sequence to the doubly phosphorylated ITAM (dp-ITAM) of CD79a immobilized on streptavidin-agarose. Syk was recovered from detergent cell lysates by immobilized dp-ITAM peptide (Fig. 1A, WT) and not by nonphosphorylated ITAM peptide (data not shown). Pretreatment of ce ...
Amino acid regulation of mTORC1 Liron Bar-Peled
... immunosuppressant (7), efficiently blocking IL-2 mediated lymphocyte proliferation at low nanogram doses (8), while maintaining immune surveillance (8) and thus avoiding additional complications associated with other immunosuppressants. Today, rapamycin (also known as serolimus) is a mainstay in org ...
... immunosuppressant (7), efficiently blocking IL-2 mediated lymphocyte proliferation at low nanogram doses (8), while maintaining immune surveillance (8) and thus avoiding additional complications associated with other immunosuppressants. Today, rapamycin (also known as serolimus) is a mainstay in org ...
GENETIC CONTROL OF TISSUE SPECIFIC GROWTH IN THE
... Organismal growth involves both the regulation of final body size and the proper proportioning of organs and tissues. This requires the precise integration of multiple regulatory mechanisms including patterning, cell proliferation, growth, cell movements, cell death and differentiation (Britton 2000 ...
... Organismal growth involves both the regulation of final body size and the proper proportioning of organs and tissues. This requires the precise integration of multiple regulatory mechanisms including patterning, cell proliferation, growth, cell movements, cell death and differentiation (Britton 2000 ...
Relationship between expression of serendipity and
... box, in nullo, another zygotic gene recently shown to be involved in cellularisation. The compared patterns of expression of D. melanogaster sry and nullo, and D. pseudoobscura sry reveal a complex regulation of the spatiotemporal accumulation of their transcripts. The D. pseudoobscura sry gene is a ...
... box, in nullo, another zygotic gene recently shown to be involved in cellularisation. The compared patterns of expression of D. melanogaster sry and nullo, and D. pseudoobscura sry reveal a complex regulation of the spatiotemporal accumulation of their transcripts. The D. pseudoobscura sry gene is a ...
www.drmichaellevin.org
... ABSTRACT Recent experiments have suggested a pathway of genes that regulate left-right asymmetry in vertebrate embryogenesis. The most downstream member of this cascade is nodal (XNR-1 in frogs), which is expressed in the left-side lateral mesoderm. Previous work in the chick [Levin, 1998] suggests ...
... ABSTRACT Recent experiments have suggested a pathway of genes that regulate left-right asymmetry in vertebrate embryogenesis. The most downstream member of this cascade is nodal (XNR-1 in frogs), which is expressed in the left-side lateral mesoderm. Previous work in the chick [Levin, 1998] suggests ...
A processed form of the Spätzle protein defines dorsal
... Fig. 1. Rescue of dorsal-ventral pattern elements by perivitelline injection of polarizing activity. Cuticular patterns of uninjected (A,B) and injected (C) embryos and gastrulation patterns of uninjected (D,E) and injected (F,G) embryos. All embryos are shown dorsal side up, anterior to the left. T ...
... Fig. 1. Rescue of dorsal-ventral pattern elements by perivitelline injection of polarizing activity. Cuticular patterns of uninjected (A,B) and injected (C) embryos and gastrulation patterns of uninjected (D,E) and injected (F,G) embryos. All embryos are shown dorsal side up, anterior to the left. T ...
Hox Genes and Segmentation of the Hindbrain and Axial Skeleton
... The mammalian Hox cluster. (a) Depiction of a segmented vertebrate hindbrain displaying the rhombomeres and their associated cranial motor nerves. For clarity the cranial ganglia are displayed on only one side of the segmented hindbrain. Shown are the five most obvious ganglia (Vg-Xg) through which t ...
... The mammalian Hox cluster. (a) Depiction of a segmented vertebrate hindbrain displaying the rhombomeres and their associated cranial motor nerves. For clarity the cranial ganglia are displayed on only one side of the segmented hindbrain. Shown are the five most obvious ganglia (Vg-Xg) through which t ...
Hedgehog signaling pathway
![](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Denticlebands.png?width=300)
The Hedgehog signaling pathway (or signalling pathway; see spelling differences) is a signaling pathway that transmits information to embryonic cells required for proper development. Different parts of the embryo have different concentrations of hedgehog signaling proteins. The pathway also has roles in the adult. Diseases associated with the malfunction of this pathway include basal cell carcinoma.The Hedgehog signaling pathway is one of the key regulators of animal development and is present in all bilaterians. The pathway takes its name from its polypeptide ligand, an intercellular signaling molecule called Hedgehog (Hh) found in fruit flies of the genus Drosophila. Hh is one of Drosophila's segment polarity gene products, involved in establishing the basis of the fly body plan. The molecule remains important during later stages of embryogenesis and metamorphosis.Mammals have three Hedgehog homologues, DHH, IHH, and SHH, of which Sonic (SHH) is the best studied. The pathway is equally important during vertebrate embryonic development. In knockout mice lacking components of the pathway, the brain, skeleton, musculature, gastrointestinal tract and lungs fail to develop correctly. Recent studies point to the role of Hedgehog signaling in regulating adult stem cells involved in maintenance and regeneration of adult tissues. The pathway has also been implicated in the development of some cancers. Drugs that specifically target Hedgehog signaling to fight this disease are being actively developed by a number of pharmaceutical companies.