Download element Any substance that cannot be broken down into simpler

element
Any substance that
cannot be broken down
into simpler
substances (O, N, Na,
S, C)
compound
When 2 or more
elements combine
chemically (H20, CO2)
Carbohydrates
An energy-rich
organic compound like
sugars and starches
Lipids
An energy-rich
organic compound that
stores more energy
than carbohydrates
Proteins
Large organic
molecules that form
parts of cell
membranes and help
rebuild cell parts
Amino acids
The building blocks
of proteins
Enzymes
Nucleic acids
DNA
A type of protein
that speeds up
chemical reactions
Long organic
molecules that
contain the
instructions that
cells need to carry
out all of the
functions of life
Genetic material that
carries info. about
an organism and is
passed from parent to
offspring
RNA
Found in the
cytoplasm and plays a
role in production of
proteins
Organic compounds
Compounds in living
things that contain
the element carbon
The ability of a cell
membrane only allow
Selectively permeable
some substances in
and some substances
out
The main method by
which small molecules
move across the cell
Diffusion
membrane from high
concentration to low
concentration
Osmosis
The diffusion of
water through a
selectively permeable
membrane
Passive transport
cell transport
methods that do NOT
require energy
Active transport
Engulfing
The movement of
materials through a
cell membrane that
requires cellular
energy
A method of active
transport in which
the cell membrane
forms a vacuole
around the needed
substance
Transport proteins
Photosynthesis
Large proteins
imbedded in the cell
membrane that pick up
materials and bring
them into the cell
using energy
The process by which
a cell captures
energy in sunlight
and uses it to make
food
Autotroph
An organism that
makes its own food
Heterotroph
An organism that
cannot make its own
food
Pigment
Colored chemical
compounds that absorb
light
Chlorophyll
The main, green
photosynthetic
pigment
Stomata
Small openings
underneath leaves
that are used for gas
exchange
Cellular respiration
The process by which
your cells obtain
energy from glucose
Fermentation
An energy-releasing
process that does not
require oxygen
Alcoholic
fermentation
Lactic acid
fermentation
A type of
fermentation that
occurs in yeast in
which alcohol is a
by-product
A type of
fermentation that
takes place in your
body in times of low
oxygen levels