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Transcript
Chapter 17: Evolution of Populations Chapter 17.1 (Pgs 482-486): Genes and Variation Phenotypic Variation - Most organisms contain two sets of genes - One allele from each parent - Different combinations of alleles and environment produce variation in phenotypes - Natural selection acts directly on phenotypes, not the alleles Populations and Gene Pools - A group of individuals of the same species that mate and produce offspring is called a population - These individuals share a gene pool, all the genes and alleles for each gene in a population Allele Frequency - The # of times an allele occurs in a gene pool, compared to the total # of alleles for that gene - Evolution occurs when allele frequency in a population changes over time - Populations, not individuals, evolve Single-Gene Traits - Are controlled by only one gene - Only have two alleles - May only have two or three distinct phenotypes Polygenic Traits - Are controlled by two or more genes - Each gene has two or more alleles - Has many possible genotypes and even more different phenotypes
