Download Parts of a Cell

Cells: The Building
Blocks of Life

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gFuEo2ccTPA
What are cells?
 Cell:
basic unit of structure and
function of life.
 In
other words, cells make up
living things and carry out
activities that keep a living thing
alive.
Staying Alive!

Cells do MANY things to keep organisms alive, here
are a few examples:

Break down food for energy

Store genetic information

Help us grow

Reproduction

See

Smell

ETC!
What are cells? Cont.
A
cell is a living thing (you only need
one cell to be alive! Unicellular).
 Cells
are able to make more cells
like themselves
History of Cells

I am sure you are all asking yourselves, “who first
looked at cells?” Well, thanks for asking, I will tell
you.

In the 1660’s there was a man named Robert Hooke
that lived in Britain and was a scientist.
 One
day Robert Hooke changed some old
telescope/microscope blueprints and made a
basic light microscope.
History of Cells Cont.

He used this microscope to
see a piece of cork from
an oak tree and saw. . .
 Dun,

dun, dun! Cells!!!
He thought the cork
looked like small rooms
(kind of like a hotel with lots
of bedrooms) and termed
the word cells
Plant cells
Cork cell
Onion cell
Elodea cells
Animal Cells
Blood cells
Frog blood cells
Cheek Cells
The Cell Theory
In
1858, after even better
microscopes had been
invented, Rudolf Virchow
developed a hypothesis
about cells that has 3 parts.
Current Cell Theory
 Our
1.
2.
3.
current cell theory has 3 parts to it:
All organisms are composed of
cells
Cells are alive and the basic living
units of organization in all
organisms
All cells come from other cells
Parts of a Cell

Just like the atom, a cell has
parts, we call these parts
organelles.
What is an organelle?
A
part of a cell that performs a
specific function
Intro to Cells

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZSn03gSqV88
Cytoplasm

Function: Contains
nutrients for the cell
and holds the
organelles in place, it is
the “squishy insides”

Analogy: Think of this
as the air that fills up
this entire school
Cell Membrane

Function: Determines
what stuff comes in or
out, it is the part that
surrounds the cell

Analogy: Think of this
as your school’s
entrances and exits
Nucleus


Function: Directs the
activity of the cell via the
DNA

For example, when it
grows and divides

DNA tells the cell what
type of cell it is
Analogy: Think of the
principal’s office as the
nucleus and the
computers as DNA
Mitochondria

Function: Break down
food for energy; known
as the “Powerhouse” of
the cell

Analogy: Think of the
lunch room, you eat your
food to give you power
for the rest of the day
Golgi Complex/Apparatus

Function: Packages, stores
and delivers energy
(protein) for the cell

Analogy: Think of this as
your lunch, it gets
packaged/prepared by
someone, stored and then
you take it out to eat it
Endoplasmic Reticulum

Function: The “highway”
of the cell that moves
materials around to other
parts

Analogy: Think of the
school hallways where
students and teachers
transport ideas to other
parts of the school
Cell Wall-Only in plants cells,
not animals!

Function: Provides
support to the cells since
plants do not have a
skeleton

Analogy: Think of math,
the only subject in our
school that has an after
school tutor lab! (Math =
plant)
Chloroplast-found only in plant
cells, not animal

Function: structures that
make food for the plant
by converting sunlight
into sugar

Analogy: Think of a
calculator for math, you
convert brain waves into
answers!
Plant Cell

https://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=uohe2V4yOzE
Vacuole-Honors

Function: storage for
water, nutrients or waste
 Plant
cells have very
large ones, animal cells
have smaller ones or
none at all

Analogy: Cupboards and
closets where teachers
store their stuff
Lysosomes-Honors

Function: Clean up the
cell waste products
 (Think
Lysosomes
clean just like Lysol!)

Analogy: Think of the
janitors who clean up
any waste at the
school
Cell Organelle Song

https://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=dngsFl2X3nc
1. Which organelle is the
highway of the cell?
A. Mitochondria
B.
Nucleus
C. E.R.
2. What is the cell membrane’s
function
A. Allows
cell
B.
materials to enter/exit
Contains the DNA
C. Cleans
up cell waste
3. Which organelle is the
powerhouse?
A. Lysosomes
B.
Mitochondria
C. Golgi
Apparatus
4. The nucleus contains _____,
which tells the cell what it is.
A. Ribosomes
B.
Lysosomes
C. DNA
5. What is the function of the
Golgi Apparatus?
A. Packages,
energy
B.
stores, and secretes
Controls basic cell processes
C. Controls
what enters/exits cell
Activity Time!

Come up with your own cell model or metaphor including all the
organelles we have studied today!

Some ideas to get you started
Organelles Needed

Sports
-Cytoplasm

Mall
-Cell Membrane

Factory
-Mitochondria

Restaurant
-Golgi Body

Country
-Nucleus

State
-E.R.

Video Game
-Cell Wall (Plants)

Etc.!
-Chloroplasts (Plants
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
Paper Plate Cell

In groups you are going to create a paper plate that
compares plant and animal cells.

You need to have the following:

A realistic 3D representation for each type of cell

Labels for each organelle

A brief description, in your own words, about what each
organelle does

I would suggest using a legend or key for your descriptions on a
SEPARATE piece of paper