Download 2008 Academic Challenge BIOLOGY TEST

2008 Academic Challenge
BIOLOGY TEST - SECTIONAL
- - This Test Consists of 50 Questions - -
Biology Test Production Team
Donna Ford, John A. Logan College – Author/Team Leader
Julie Ellis, Kaskaskia College – Author
Keith Krapf, John A. Logan College – Reviewer
Don Wayman, WYSE – Coordinator of Test Production
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*** TIME: 40 MINUTES ***
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© 2008 Worldwide Youth in Science and Engineering
“WYSE”, “Worldwide Youth in Science and Engineering” and the “WYSE Design” are service marks of and this work is
Copyright © 2008 by the Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign.
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WYSE – Academic Challenge
Biology Test (Sectional) – 2008
1. Trees, ants, lake water, and soil together would best be described as part of a/an
____.
a. population
b. ecosystem
c. community
d. organism
e. species
2. Which of the following tissues is best known for its intercalated disks and involuntary
movement?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
skeletal muscle
cuboidal epithelium
blood
cardiac muscle
bone
3. ____ is the most abundant inorganic substance in the human body.
a. Water
b. Glucose
c. Cellulose
d. Keratin
e. Collagen
4. ____ seals the sticky ends of DNA back together in recombinant DNA research.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
A DNA probe
A plasmid
DNA ligase
Gel electrophoresis
none of the above
5. During ____ a woman’s menstrual cycle ceases.
a. menstruation
b. meiosis
c. ovulation
d. mitosis
e. menopause
6. Match the scientists in Column A with their discoveries in Column B.
Column A
Column B
1.
2.
3.
4.
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
Gregor Mendel
Kary Mullis
Fredrick Griffith
Melvin Calvin
transformation
genetics principles
C3 cycle in photosynthesis
PCR procedure
Select the correct matching sequence.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
1 – iv;
1 – ii;
1 – iv;
1 – iii;
1 – ii;
2 – ii;
2 – iv;
2 – iii;
2 – iv;
2 – iv;
3 – i;
3 – i;
3 – ii;
3 – i;
3 – iii;
4 – iii
4 – iii
4–i
4 – ii
4–i
2008 Sectional
Bioloby – 2
7. The figure below represents a homologous chromosome pair. Which statement is not
true?
A
B
C
D
a.
b.
c.
d.
A, B, C, and D represent chromatids.
Crossing over can occur between B and C.
The same type of characteristics are found on the chromosome pair.
The chromosomes would align themselves at the midline of the cell during
Metaphase I.
e. All of the chromatids can be referred to as sister chromatids.
8. Linkage groups change during ____.
a. mitosis
b. Prophase I
c. fertilization
d. Metaphase I
e. cytokinesis
9. ____ enzymes will cut a plasmid at specific sites.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Ligase
Digestive
Polymerase
Restriction
None of the above
10. The gland or muscle that responds to nervous stimulation is referred to as the ____.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
motor neuron
afferent neuron
effector
sensory neuron
none of these
2008 Sectional
Biology – 3
11. Which best describes products of lactate fermentation?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
lactate, ATP, NAD+
ATP, C6H12O6, lactate
H2O, C6H12O6, lactate
CO2, H2O, lactate
ATP, O2, lactate
12. Which of the following is not associated with primary consumers?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
herbivores
sheep
giraffe
omnivores
secondary trophic level
13. Which of the following statements is false?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Restriction enzymes cleave DNA at specific sites.
DNA polymerase proofreads DNA replication.
Viruses can be used as a vector in recombinant DNA research.
Gel electrophoresis separates only DNA molecules according to size and charge.
Taq polymerase can be used during PCR.
14. Glycosidic linkage is to ____ as peptide bonds are to ____.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
triglyceride; amino acids
amino acids; disaccharide
disaccharide; amino acids
disaccharide; nucleic acid
triglyceride; nucleic acid
15. Which of the following is not in Kingdom Protista?
a. Paramecia
b. Kelp
c. Diatoms
d. Slime mold
e. Penicillium
16. Resin ____.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
is an organic compound produced by some conifers
is a clear viscous material
can be used to protect the conifers from fungal attacks
is produced by cells lining the resin ducts
all of the above
2008 Sectional
Biology – 4
17. Match the plant types in Column A with its definition in Column B.
Column A
Column B
1.
2.
3.
4.
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
Pistillate
Staminate
Perfect
Complete
carpels and stamens
only carpels
carpels, stamens, sepals, petals
only stamens
Select the correct matching sequence.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
1 – ii;
1 – ii;
1 – iv;
1 – i;
1 – iv;
2 – iv;
2 – iv;
2 – iii;
2 – ii;
2 – ii;
3 – iii;
3 – i;
3 – i;
3 – iii;
3 – iii;
4–i
4 – iii
4 – ii
4 – iv
4–i
18. Which of the following statements about the figure is not true?
90%
water &
10%
salt
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
99%
water &
1% salt
The cell will increase in volume.
The net movement of water is from the cell to the solution.
The cell will crenate.
The solution is hypertonic to the cell.
The cell has a higher concentration of solvent than the surrounding solution.
19. Which of the following metabolic pathways is not part of cellular respiration?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
glycolysis
C3 cycle
citric acid cycle
chemiosmosis
electron transport system
20. ____ contain(s) multiple sets of chromosomes from more than one species.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Autopolyploidy
Heteropolyploidy
Allopolyploidy
Hybridization
Diploid
2008 Sectional
Biology – 5
21. Which of the following bases is not a pyrimidine?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
uracil
cytosine
thymine
adenine
All of the above are pyrimidines.
22. The organic chemical that has non-polar characteristics is ____.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
a protein
a lipid
a nucleic acid
a carbohydrate
an amino acid
23. Epistasis is ____.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
the gene interaction which can mask the expression of another set of alleles
the blending of traits
the expression of both traits
the effect one gene pair has on many traits
the additive effect of many gene pairs
24. Primary succession ____.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
occurs after a tornado
occurs after a forest fire
takes the environment back to a previous stage of succession
is faster than secondary succession
occurs after a volcanic eruption
25. The Human Genome Project ____.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
sequenced genes only for genetic disorders
was completed behind schedule
had more than one director
included mitochondrial DNA sequencing
all of the above
2008 Sectional
Biology – 6
26. Match the types of horizontal gene transfer in Column A with the most
appropriate definition in Column B.
Column A
Column B
1. transduction
2. conjugation
3. transformation
i. bacteria picks up DNA from environment
ii. bacteriophage transfers foreign DNA
iii. cell-to-cell contact needed to transfer DNA
Select the correct matching sequence.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
1 – iii;
1 – ii;
1 – i;
1 – iii;
1 – ii;
2 – ii;
2 – iii;
2 – ii;
2 – i;
2 – i;
3–i
3–i
3 – iii
3 – ii
3 – iii
27. Prokaryotes that are able to grow with or without the presence of oxygen are
called ____.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
facultative anaerobes
obligate anaerobes
saprotrophs
obligate aerobes
chemolithotrophs
28. Which of the following terms best describes the dropping, or loss, of flowers, leaves,
fruit, and other plant parts?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
abscission
germination
transpiration
senescence
dormancy
29. Keeping in mind where biological processes occur, which of the following is/are
not correctly matched?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Calvin cycle – stroma of chloroplast
Citric acid cycle – matrix of mitochondrion
Glycolysis – cytoplasm
Electron transport system – thylakoid of mitochondrion
Chemiosmosis – inner mitochondrial membrane
30. In recombinant DNA research, it is first necessary to have a vector such as a
____ that is sometimes found in bacterial cells.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
restriction enzyme
DNA polyermase
DNA ligase
probe
plasmid
2008 Sectional
Biology – 7
31. After a meal, blood sugar levels increase causing the ____ to produce insulin to
aid in glucose metabolism.
a. duodenum
b. pancreas
c. thyroid
d. thymus
e. spleen
32. Which of the following is not true?
a. Sickle cell anemia may be described by anemia, poor circulation, or sickle
shaped red blood cells.
b. Huntington’s disease is characterized by benign tumors that occur under the skin
or deeper.
c. Cystic fibrosis is characterized by mucus build up in the lungs.
d. An individual with Phenylketonuria cannot metabolize phenylalanine, and if a
special diet is not begun develops mental retardation.
e. Hemophilia A is characterized by the propensity for bleeding caused by the
lack of a blood clotting factor.
33. Which of the following is/are not an example of density independent factors that
can limit population growth?
a. competition
b. disease
c. fires
d. hurricanes
e. both a and b
34. Which of the following statements is not true about carbon?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Carbon is the backbone for organic molecules.
Carbon has four bonding sites.
Carbon can only form single and double bonds with other carbons.
Carbon can form long chain molecules.
Carbon can exist as isotopes.
35. The animal cell organelle that forms the spindles is the ____.
a. ribosome
b. mitochondrion
c. lysosome
d. centriole
e. nucleus
36. The function of the meristem region of a plant is ____.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
growth
water absorption
mineral uptake
food dispersal
both b and c
37. Which of the following animals has a four-chambered heart?
a. python
b. iguana
c. blue jay
d. all the above
e. none of the above
38. Fertilizers can ____.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
add nitrogen to the soil
accumulate in the soil
get into the ground water
cause dead zones in deltas
all the above
2008 Sectional
Biology – 8
39. Which of the following is found in gamete formation but not in somatic cell formation?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
cytokinesis
chromatids separate
crossing over
spindles form
nuclear envelope breaks down
40. For a single trait test cross, the expected genotypic ratio when the dominant trait
phenotype is from a heterozygous genotype is ____.
a. 9 : 3 : 3 : 1
b. 3 : 1
c. 1 : 2 : 1
d. 1 : 1
e. none of the above
41. The following is an example of a ____.
H:H
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
molecular formula
structural formula
Lewis structure
compound formula
elemental formula
42. Which of the following plants do not have all the following parts: vascular tissues, seeds,
roots, and leaves?
a. ferns
b. spruce tree
c. grass
d. corn
e. none of the above
43. Bacterial cells are classified by all the following except: ____.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
cell wall composition
DNA shape
rRNA
fermentation products
both b and c
44. If an atom has 6 valence shell electrons, the atom would probably ____.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
lose 2 electrons
lose 6 electrons
gain 2 electrons
gain 8 electrons
none of the above
45. As energy flows through an ecosystem, the 10% rule refers to ____.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
the energy given off as heat
the energy available for the next trophic level
the energy gained by the organism
energy and mass lost
none of the above
2008 Sectional
Biology – 9
46. Which statement is not true concerning protists?
a.
b
c.
d.
e.
All protists are in the same Kingdom.
Protists live in many types of environments.
Protists can be autotrophs or heterotrophs.
Protists are in Domain Eukarya.
Protists have a single ancestor.
47. Which is not a characteristic of all living things?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
nucleus with DNA
metabolism
growth and development
made up of cells
respond to stimuli
48. Which is not a true statement about X – linked traits?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Sons get the X – linked trait from their mothers.
Fathers pass the X – linked trait to their daughters.
If a mother has the X – linked trait, her son will possess the trait.
Daughters will be carriers of the X – linked trait, if their mothers are carriers.
Daughters will be carriers or possess the trait if their fathers have the X – linked trait.
49. Beetles, crayfish, millipedes, and ticks are all in the____.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
same kingdom
same phylum
same class
a and b
a, b and c
50. Amino acid is to protein, as ____ is to glycogen.
a. carbohydrate
b. sucrose
c. fatty acid
d. starch
e. glucose
2008 Sectional