Download SG From a Cell to an Organism

Name_______________________________
Date:
SG From a Cell to an Organism
Period:
175 points total
Davis iScience Buffalo Book Chapter 11; Life iScience Chapter 3
Lesson 1 The
Cell Cycle and Cell Division
Directions: On each line, write the term from the vocabulary list on page 366
that correctly replaces the underlined words in each sentence.
NOTE: You may need to change a term to its plural form. 20 points this page
1. At the end of the cell cycle, the
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
division of the cell’s nucleus
occurs.
Until the sister chromatids in
each duplicated chromosome
separate during mitosis, they are
held together by a special
structure.
A chromosome is made up of two
identical coiled strands of DNA.
Following mitosis, the division of
the cell’s cytoplasm occurs.
Most cells go through a cyclical
process of growth,
development, and division.
The cell cycle can be divided into
two main phases— a period of
growth and development and the
mitotic phase.
Mitosis and cytokinesis result in
the formation of two identical
new cells.
For some cells, identified as those
with membrane-bound structures,
the cell cycle might take as long
as one year. (Page 369 in green)
9. DNA is called chromatin during _______________, which
makes up most of the cell cycle.
10. _______________ looks like a tangled plate of spaghetti.
11. During the second stage of interphase, the cell copies the DNA which
coils up and forms a _______________.
12. After it is duplicated in the S stage of Interphase DNA look like the
letter ___________.
13. After mitosis each __________________
_________
has identical chromosomes with the exact same DNA sequence. .
Label the following from the S stage of interphase:
o
o
o
o
o
nucleus,
nuclear membrane
chromosome,
sister chromatid,
centromere
STANDARD III: Students will understand that the organs in an organism are made of cells that have structures and perform specific life functions.
Objective 2: Identify and describe the function and interdependence of various organs and tissues.
Page 1
Name_______________________________
The Cell Cycle and Cell Division
Directions: Answer each question. 35 points this page
1. What are the two main phases of the cell cycle?
Date:
Period:
Order each stage of the cell cycle with the correct number 1-5.
Label each stage with its name.
Describe what is happening in the illustration. 20 points
2. During which phase of the cell cycle is chromatin duplicated?
3. During which main phase of the cell cycle do mitosis and
cytokinesis occur?
4. What is the difference between mitosis and cytokinesis?
5. What makes up a chromosome?
6. What is produced at the end of the cell cycle?
How do they compare to each other and to the parent cell?
What happens to the parent cell?
7. How is the cell cycle important to some unicellular organisms?
8. How is the cell cycle important to multicellular organisms?
STANDARD III: Students will understand that the organs in an organism are made of cells that have structures and perform specific life functions.
Objective 2: Identify and describe the function and interdependence of various organs and tissues.
Page 2
Name_______________________________
LESSON 2 Levels
Date:
of Organization
Completion
24 points this page
Period:
Directions: In the space at the left, write U next to each statement that correctly
identifies unicellular organisms.
Write M next to each statement that identifies multicellular organisms. Write U and
M next to each statement that applies to both organisms. (9 points)
Directions: On each line, write the term from Lesson 2 (bold, red, blue or yellow)
that correctly completes each sentence. (7 points)
8. These organisms consist of cells.
1.
9. Each cell must carry out all life processes.
Unspecialized cells that can develop into many different cell
types are called ______________ ________________.
10. Cells are specialized and perform specific functions.
2. A group of similar types of cells that work together to do a specific
task is called a(n)
11. These organisms can be prokaryotes or eukaryotes.
.
12. These organisms are always eukaryotes.
3. A group of different tissues that work together to carry out a task is
called a(n)
13. Cells in these organisms differentiate.
.
14. These organisms have stem cells.
4.
organisms usually have many
15. These organisms have tissues.
organ systems.
Directions: Respond to each statement using complete sentences. (8 points)
5. A group of different organs that work together to complete a series
of tasks is called a(n) _________
16.
Compare a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell.
________________.
6. The process by which cells becomes different types of cells is known
as __________
_______________________.
7. A group of organ systems that carry out all the jobs needed for their
survival may be known as an _________________.
17. Use your responses above to summarize the main differences
between a unicellular organism and a multicellular organism.
Key Concept How do unicellular and multicellular organisms differ?
STANDARD III: Students will understand that the organs in an organism are made of cells that have structures and perform specific life functions.
Objective 2: Identify and describe the function and interdependence of various organs and tissues.
Page 3
Name_______________________________
Levels of Organization
40 points this page
Key Concept How does cellular differentiation lead to the
organization within a multicellular organism?
Directions: Answer each question or respond to each statement with a sentence.
1. What is a stem cell?
Date:
Period:
Key Concept How does cellular differentiation lead to the
organization within a multicellular organism?
Directions: Answer each question or respond to each statement
8. List the four main types of tissues in humans. Page 383
Then explain why the stomach has all four types of tissues.
2. What is the process by which cells become different types of cells?
3. Why are stem cells in an embryo important?
4. Why are adult stem cells important?
9. List the three main types of tissues in plants. Page 384
Then describe the function of each type of tissue.
5. Give examples of where adult stem cells are located in people.
6. What are unspecialized cells in plants called?
Illustrate and label their location in a plant.
10. Describe how both the stomach and a leaf are organs composed of
tissues working together.
11. What do the human circulatory system and a plant’s shoot system
7. Compare the chromosomes in a skin cell to a muscle cell in the
same organism.
Include an explanation of how the two types of cells can be different.
have in common?
12. For what purpose do multicellular organisms have more than one
organ system?
STANDARD III: Students will understand that the organs in an organism are made of cells that have structures and perform specific life functions.
Objective 2: Identify and describe the function and interdependence of various organs and tissues.
Page 4
Name_______________________________
Date:
Period:
From a Cell to an Organism Review
Completion
30 points this page
Answer each question with a detailed explanation.
1. Are prokaryotes unicellular or multicellular?
Directions: On each line, write the term that correctly completes each sentence.
11. Two identical
result when a cell
undergoes cytokinesis.
12. Unspecialized cells include
2. Which product is the result of mitosis?
13. Two identical
.
are joined by a
centromere in a chromosome.
14. The brain, spinal cord, and nerves make up a single _________
3. In unicellular organisms the cell cycle is also responsible for what?
____________ .
15. The process of
results in specialized
cells.
16. Vascular
Directions: On each line, write the term from Chapter 11 (bold, red, blue or
yellow),
4. DNA replication occurs during i_______________.
transports water and nutrients
throughout a plant’s body.
Directions: Answer each question or respond to each statement.
17. Explain how stem cells are necessary for cell differentiation.
5. Cytokinesis results in two identical ________ _____.
6. An example of an unspecialized cell is a(n) _______
______.
7. An X-shaped chromosome is made of two identical
__________ ___________________.
8. A group of different organs working together makes up a(n)
18. Compare what makes up cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems.
_________ _____________.
9. The process by which cells become specialized is called
__________ ____________________.
10. A group of specialized cells working together to carry out a
specific task is called a(n) ____________________.
STANDARD III: Students will understand that the organs in an organism are made of cells that have structures and perform specific life functions.
Objective 2: Identify and describe the function and interdependence of various organs and tissues.
Page 5
Name_______________________________
Date:
Period:
Across
26 points this page
1. one of two identical chromosomes that make up a duplicated chromosome
6. point where two sister chromatids combine
8. group of different tissues working together to perform a particular job
12. a cell without a membrane-bound nucleus
15. a process during which the cytoplasm and its contents divide
16. a collections of organs that work together in a multicellular organism
17. membrane-bound organelle that uses light energy to make food in photosynthesis
18. an unspecialized cell
that is able to develop
into many different cell
types
21. the process during which a cell
takes in a substance by surrounding it
with the cell membrane
22. process by which cells become
different type of cells
26. the period during the cell cycle
of a cell’s growth and development
Down
10. movement of substances
through a cell membrane
without using energy
11. a process during which
the nucleus and its contents
divide
Down
2. name for two new cells that result from
mitosis and cytokinesis
3. movement of substances from an area of higher
concentration to an area of lower concentration
4. a single living thing
5. process by which molecules pass through a cell
membrane using transport proteins
7. part of eukaryotic cell that contains genetic
information
9. stiff structure outside the cell membrane that
protects and supports plant and bacterial cells
13. process during which a cell’s vesicles
release their contents outside the cell
14. diffusion of water molecules through a
membrane
19. process that releases of energy from
sugar in the mitochondria
20. deoxyribonucleic acid
23. a cell with the genetic material in a
nucleus
24. a group of similar types of cells that
work together to carry out specific tasks
25. transport of substances through a cell
membrane using the cell’s energy
STANDARD III: Students will understand that the organs in an organism are made of cells that have structures and perform specific life functions.
Objective 2: Identify and describe the function and interdependence of various organs and tissues.
Page 6