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Biology 12
CELL ORGANELLES ASSIGNMENT
A. Nucleus
1.
In general, what is the function of the nucleus?
2.
What are the processes, involving DNA, that occur in the nucleus
3.
What is the end result (products) of the 2 processes that occur in the nucleus?
4.
What structures are made in the nucleolus?
B. Endoplasmic Reticulum
1.
What are difference between rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and smooth
endoplasmic reticulum (SER) in terms of structure and function.
2.
Account for the large amounts of SER in both testes and liver.
C.
RIBOSOMES
1.
Would water be added to or released during the synthesis of ribosomes (ribosomal
subunits being joined together) (think bio molecules)
2.
Outline the differences in roles between attached and unattached ribosomes
(polysomes)
D.
GOLGI APPARATUS (GOLGI BODY/ COMPLEX)
1.
What is the function of the Golgi Apparatus?
2.
How are molecules sent from the golgi to the cell membrane?
3.
What organelle is created by the Golgi?
Biology 12
E.
LYSOSOMES
1.
What is the function of enzymes?
2.
What is the function of lysosomes?
3.
Where are the enzymes, found in the lysosomes, made?
F.
MITOCHONDRIA & CHLOROPLASTS
1.
If plant cells have the ability to convert light energy to ATP using chloroplasts,
then why do plant cells also contain mitochondria?
2.
Why do mitochondria appear in large numbers in skeletal and cardiac heart
muscle?
3.
What is the basic reaction that occurs in cellular respiration? (write it out)
4.
What is the basic reaction that occurs in photosynthesis? (write it out)
5.
Are there any similarities between the reactions in #3 and #4? Explain
6.
What is the pigment used in chloroplasts? What colour is it? Why is it green?
***This is a tricky question…you will need to look this one up***
G.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORGANELLES
1.
If there was a problem in a cell where the nucleolus stopped functioning, what
affect would this have on the following organelles?
-Ribosomes
-Lysosomes
2.
Explain the relationship between the ER and the Golgi complex
3.
Why does the ER surround the nucleus?
Biology 12
H.
Membrane Transport and Tonicity
1) Match the structure/process to the letter:
1. Phospholipid bilayer
2. Osmosis
3. Simple Diffusion
4. Facilitated Diffusion
5. Channel protein
Larger molecule
2) Explain the difference between diffusion and osmosis in term of
concentration gradients, molecule transported, and energy used
3) Explain the difference between simple, facilitated diffusion, and active
transport
Biology 12
4) Compare/ contrast Endocytosis and exocytosis
5) Contrast pinocytosis, phagocytosis, and receptor-mediated endocytosis
6) Draw examples of a hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic solution showing
both the concentration of the cell and the solution
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
Isotonic