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PART I INTRODUCTION A. Background Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of the earth. Such as, the increase in the average temperature of the atmosphere, ocean and land earth. Global warming is caused by the effects of greenhouse gases produced by human activity. Due to global warming the temperature of the planet is warming, the increasing number of natural bencan and various natural phenomena that tend to be increasingly out of control. Global Warming (Global Warming), occurred due to the rising average temperature of Earth's surface, this is due to, among others: a. Because the earth absorb more solar energy than is released back into the atmosphere (space). b. Causing an increase in gas emissions. c. Cause an increase in geothermal and melting polar ice. d. The main trigger is the increasing carbon emissions, due to the use of fossil energy (fuel oil, coal and the like). e. The largest emitters of carbon is is industrialized countries, this is because the consumption patterns and lifestyle countries of the north are 10 times higher than the population of the southern states. Global warming is the gradual increase of the temperature of the earth's surface is mostly caused by emissions of substances penecmar such as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), as well as responsible for changes in global weather patterns. Carbon dioxide and pollutants lanilla gather in the atmosphere to form a thick layer of blocking the sun's heat and causing the planet warming effect of greenhouse gases. Global warming is a complex phenomenon, and the full impact is very difficult to predict. B. Problem Formulation In the contents of this paper we put together we have taken several issues, namely we want to know the impact of global warming fundamentally. The problem we have outlined in some ways, namely: 1. What is global warming? 2. What causes global warming? 3. What is the impact of global warming on nature? 4. What is the impact of global warming on the social and political field? 5. How to control global warming? C. Purpose Our goal makes this paper is not only to meet one of the tasks of Natural Science Basic Course, but there are many other objectives of this paper-making, including: 1. To know the notion of global warming. 2. To determine the cause of global warming. 3. To determine the impact of global warming on nature. 4. To determine the impact of global warming on the social and political field. 5. To determine the control of global warming. CHAPTER II DISCUSSION 2.1 Definition of Global Warming Global warming is a process of increasing the average temperature of the atmosphere, ocean, and land earth. Global average temperature at the earth's surface has risen 0.74 + 0,180C (1.33 + 0,320F) during the last hundred. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concludes that "Most of the increase in global average temperatures since the mid-20th century, most likely caused by increased concentrations of greenhouse gases due to human activity through the greenhouse effect. These basic conclusions have been put forward by at least 30 scientific and academic bodies including all the national academic science from G8 countries. But still most a few scientists who do not agree with some of the conclusions of the IPCC stated. Climate models referenced by the IPCC project meunjukan global surface temperature will rise 1.1 to 6,40C (2.0 - 11,50F) between 2020 and 2140. Differences in estimates were caused by the use of different scenarios mengeani emissions of greenhouse gases in the future. As well as models different climate sensitivities. Although the bulk of the research focused on the period so 2000. Warming and sea level rise is expected to continue for more than 1000 years. Although the level of greenhouse gas emissions is not stable reflects the magnitude of the heat capacity of the oceans. Diperkitakan rising global temperatures will cause other changes, such as sea water naiknyapermukaan, the increased intensity of extreme weather and changes in the amount and pattern of precipitation. Akiabat-induced global warming Laina impact on agricultural output, loss of glaciers and the extinction of various animal species. 2.2 Cause of Global Warming a. Greenhouse Effect All energy sources that exist on earth comes from the sun, a large part shaped short-wave radiation. When this energy arrives at the Earth's surface, it will change from light into heat. Earth's surface will absorb some of the heat and reflect. The remaining portion of this heat tangible infrared radiation, long waves into outer space. However, some heat remains trapped in the atmosphere due to the buildup of greenhouse gases, among others: water vapor, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and methane trap menajadi this radiation. If this situation occurs continuously will result in annual average temperatures continue to rise. With the growing meningkatkany akonsentrasi these gases in the atmosphere, semakian more heat is trapped underneath. Earth has actually hotter 330C (590F) from its original temperature. If there is no greenhouse effect the earth's temperature to -180C only ice will cover the entire surface of the earth. However, you should, if these gases in the atmosphere excessively, will result in global warming. b. Feedback Feedback produced during the evaporation of water. In the case of warming caused by greenhouse gases, such as CO2. Heating at walnya will lead to more water vapor that evaporates into the atmosphere. Because uapm water itself is a greenhouse gas. Warming will continue and increase the amount of water in the air until it reaches siuatu equilibrium concentration of water vapor. Feedback increasing the water content of the air in the air relative namunkelembaban almost constant or slightly decreased, because the air becomes warmer. Feedback bhalik impact only slowly from below, clouds will reflect infra-red radiation to the surface, thereby increasing the warming effect. Conversely, if seen from above the clouds will reflect sunlight and infrared radiation into space, thereby increasing the cooling effect. c. Variations of the Sun Variations generated from the sun with the possibility reinforced by the feedback from clouds. Variations sun would heat the stratosphere. The phenomenon of solar variation combined with volcanic activity, mungkintelah provide heating effect in the pre-industrial period until the year 1950. According to Duke University estimates that the sun may have contributed to the 45-50% increase in the average temperature over the period 19002000 and the spread 25-35 % between 1980 and 2000. According to some researchers, that solar variations only bring a small effect on global warming, which is about 0.07%. 2.3 Impact on Nature a) Climate From Unstable During global warming the main part of the northern hemisphere will warm faster than other regions. Consequently icebergs will melt tnam season will be longer in some areas. The temperature in winter and at night will tend to increase. Warm areas will become moist due to more banayak water that evaporates from the oceans. High humidity will increase the rainy weather. Storms will become more frequent, the water will evaporate more quickly from the soil that could result in some areas will become dry. In addition, the wind will be blowing and the weather becomes less predictable and more extreme. b) The increase in sea level When the atmosphere warms, the surface layer of the sea will also be warmed up, so that the volume will be enlarged and raise sea levels. Sea level worldwide has risen 10-25cm (9-10 inches) during the 20th century and the IPCC scientists predict a further rise 9-88cm (4-35inchi) in the 21st century high-seas changes will greatly affect life in coastal areas and can menenggewlamkan some countries. c) Global temperature tends to increase The southern part of Canada, for example, may benefit from higher rainfall and over the length of the growing season. On the other hand, ropis semi-arid agricultural land in some parts of Africa may not be able to grow. Desert agricultural areas that use irrigation water from distant mountains may suffer if the snowpack (snow collection) winter, which serves as a natural reservoir, will melt before the peak season months of the growing season. Food crops and forest insect and disease attack more powerful. d) Disturbance Ecology Animals plants into living creatures that are difficult avoid the effects of warming, because the bulk of the land is controlled by humans. In global warming, henwan tend to migrate toward the poles and up the mountains. Plants will change the direction of growth, seeking new areas as old habitats become too warm. However, human development will hinder this displacement. Species that migrate north or to the south that are blocked by cities or agricultural lands may be dead. Some types of species that are not able to move quickly towards the poles may also be destroyed. 2.4 Social and Cultural Impact Changes in weather and the seas can lead to the emergence of diseases associated with heat and nkematian. Hot temperatures can also cause crop failure resulting in hunger and malnutrition. Extreme weather events and rising sea levels due to melting ice in the Arctic could cause disease by natural disasters (floods, storms, and fires) and deaths due to trauma. The incidence of natural disasters are usually accompanied by the displacement of people into refugee camps, which often appear diarrheal diseases, malnutrition, micronutrient deficiency, psychological trauma, skin diseases and others. Shifting ecosystems can have an impact on the spread of waterborne diseases. Such as the increasing incidence of dengue fever since the advent of space (ecosystem) proliferate. With the climate change, then comes the disease vector species (eq. Aedes Agipty). Viruses, bacteria, plasmodium become more resistant to certain drugs that target these organisms. In addition, it is predicted that there are some species that will become extinct due to changes in the ecosystem. Gradation environment caused by waste pollution in the river also contributes to waterborne diseases and vectors diseases. Coupled with air pollution emissions of gases from uncontrolled factory, will contribute to respiratory diseases, such as asthma, allergies, coccidiodomicosys, chronic heart and lung disease, and others. 2.5 Control of Global Warming Control is done by addressing epek performed while to take steps to prevent increased climate change in the future. The damage can never be overcome in various ways, for example: a. Coastal areas can be protected by a wall and a barrier to prevent the ingress of sea water. b. The government can assist populations in coastal areas to move to higher ground. The two main approaches to slow the increasing greenhouse gases: a) Preventing carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere by storing the gas or carbon component elsewhere. b) Reducing greenhouse gas production. 2.6 How to Eliminate Carbon The easiest way to eliminate carbon dioxide is to preserve trees and planting more trees, especially young and fast. Carbon dioxide gas can also be removed directly. You do this by injecting the gas into oil wells to bring oil out of the bowels of the earth. CHAPTER III CLOSING A. Conclusions Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of the atmosphere, ocean and land earth. Is the biggest cause of global warming effects of greenhouse gases due to human activities through the greenhouse effect. Global warming is very damaging to the universe, such as rising sea levels, increased intensity of extreme weather phenomena, changes in the amount and pattern of precipitation, influential agricultural products, loss of glaciers, extinction of various animal species and the emergence of various diseases. Global warming can only be controlled by addressing the effects while performing preventive measures, including: the removal of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere by planting and maintaining trees more and reduce the production of greenhouse gases. B. Suggestions This life begins from life on earth long before living creatures there. Therefore to maintain and preserve this earth to be a few decades do we think about it. Up on one side where the earth was old and begging us to maintain and preserve it. Let us worked royang to save the earth that has given us this perfect life. Stop global warming. BIBLIOGRAPHY http://tugasku.blogspot.com/2013/05/pemanasan-global.html http://www.scribd.com/doc/22182806/Global-Warming.html http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pemanasan-global.html