* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download KEY TERMS Asexual Reproduction: One parent always passes on a
Skewed X-inactivation wikipedia , lookup
Genetic engineering wikipedia , lookup
Extrachromosomal DNA wikipedia , lookup
Therapeutic gene modulation wikipedia , lookup
Oncogenomics wikipedia , lookup
Genomic library wikipedia , lookup
Vectors in gene therapy wikipedia , lookup
Nutriepigenomics wikipedia , lookup
Ridge (biology) wikipedia , lookup
Hybrid (biology) wikipedia , lookup
Quantitative trait locus wikipedia , lookup
Polycomb Group Proteins and Cancer wikipedia , lookup
Gene expression programming wikipedia , lookup
Point mutation wikipedia , lookup
Genome evolution wikipedia , lookup
Y chromosome wikipedia , lookup
Minimal genome wikipedia , lookup
Gene expression profiling wikipedia , lookup
Site-specific recombinase technology wikipedia , lookup
Biology and consumer behaviour wikipedia , lookup
History of genetic engineering wikipedia , lookup
Genome (book) wikipedia , lookup
Epigenetics of human development wikipedia , lookup
Genomic imprinting wikipedia , lookup
X-inactivation wikipedia , lookup
Artificial gene synthesis wikipedia , lookup
Neocentromere wikipedia , lookup
Designer baby wikipedia , lookup
CNS 10 Biology/Chemistry Mr. Jorgensen MEIOSIS KEY TERMS Asexual Reproduction: One parent always passes on a duplicate of all of its genes to offspring. Rare mutations aside, offspring can only be genetically identical copies, or clones, of the parent. Sexual Reproductions: 2 parents, each with 2 genes for nearly every trait pass on 1 of each gene to offspring by way of meiosis, gamete formation, and fertilization. Thus the first cell of new individual inherits 2 genes for every trait – one from each parent. Genes: Specific portions of DNA module that contain the inherited instructions for producing or influencing a trait in offspring. Allele: One of two or more alternative forms of a gene at a given locus on a chromosome. *As a result of past mutations, different individuals of a species might be carrying different molecular forms of a gene that “say” slightly different things about how a trait will be expressed in offspring.* Diploid (2n): 2 chromosomes of each type in a cell. The two are homologous chromosomes. The 2 homologues of a pair resemble each other in length, shape, and which genes they carry. Haploid (n): Having only 1 of each pair of homologous chromosomes that were present in the nucleus of a parent cell, an outcome of meiosis. Sister Chromatids: When a chromosome has undergone replication prior to nuclear division it consists of 2 DNA molecules and associated proteins. Crossing Over: During Prophase I of meiosis, an event in which nonsister chromatids of a pair of homologous chromosomes break at one or more sites along their length and exchange corresponding segments at the breakage points. * New combinations of alleles replace old ones in a chromosome Homologous Chromosomes: Two chromosomes that are identical. They have the same length, the same centromere location, and the same genes – and they line up with each other during meiosis.