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Chapter 7 Reading Guide
The Cell Cycle and Cell Division
Concept 7.1 Different Life Cycles Use Different Modes of Cell Reproduction
1. Define cell division.
2. Provide a description of the two strategies organisms have for reproducing themselves.
3. What are mutations?
4. Define the following terms related to sexual reproduction:
a) Meiosis –
b) Chromosome –
c) Somatic Cell –
d) Homologous Pairs –
e) n –
f) Haploid –
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g) Zygote –
h) Diploid -
STOP & WATCH: Bozeman What Are Chromosomes?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tsVHWbXqum8
5. Discuss the advantages of sexual versus asexual reproduction in terms of evolution. Could evolution
proceed without sexual reproduction? Explain your answer.
Concept 7.2 Both Binary Fission and Mitosis Produce Genetically Identical Cells
6. How do prokaryotic cells reproduce?
7. How do single-celled eukaryotes reproduce?
8. What is the role of mitosis in multicellular organisms?
9. What events must occur for any cell to divide?
10. Explain the following regions of the prokaryotic chromosome with respect to their role in binary fission:
a) ori –
b) ter –
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11. Use the following table to summarize the similarities and difference in binary fission and mitosis.
Binary Fission
Mitosis
Organisms
Signals for Replication
When Division Takes Place
(Timing)
DNA Replication
DNA Segregation
Cytokinesis
Phases (Yes or No)
12. Summarize the events of the main stages of eukaryotic cell division.
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13. Describe the DNA in a typical cell during interphase.
14. Answer the following questions about the phases of mitosis.
A. Prophase
1. What happens to chromosomes during prophase?
2. Define sister chromatid.
3. Define centromere.
4. Define kinetochores.
5. Define karyotype.
B. Prometaphase – Describe the events.
C. Metaphase- Describe the events.
D. Anaphase – Describe the events.
Describe briefly the mechanisms that move the chromosomes.
STOP & WATCH: SciShow Motor Proteins https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SgR4ojtPw5Q
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E. Telophase- Describe the events.
15. What is the product of mitosis?
16. What is cytokinesis and when does it occur?
17. Compare and contrast the process of cytokinesis in plant and animal cells.
STOP & WATCH:
Bozeman Mitosis https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1cVZBV9tD-A
Bozeman Phases of Mitosis https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mXVoTj06zwg
Cytokinesis in Animals & Plants: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WMFaz5hD76k
OTHER RESOURCE: The Cell Cycle Mitosis Tutorial
http://www.biology.arizona.edu/cell_bio/tutorials/cell_cycle/cells3.html
Concept 7.3 Cell Reproduction is Under Precise Control
18. Why is it necessary to control cell division?
19. What are growth factors?
20. What is the significance of the restriction point in cell division?
**The remaining information in this section is beyond the scope of this course. Move on to Concept 7.4**
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Concept 7.4 Meiosis Halves the Nuclear Chromosome Content and Generates Diversity
21. List the overall functions that meiosis has evolved to serve:
STOP & WATCH: Bozeman Diploid vs. Haploid https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zglQ2Ildw4I
Bozeman Cell Cycle, Mitosis & Meiosis https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2aVnN4RePyI
22. What are the two unique features that characterize meiosis I?
23. Use the figure to compare mitosis and meiosis.
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24. Identify the phases and characteristic events of the phases of meiosis.
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25. Describe the process of synapsis that allows for crossing over.
26. What is a chiasmata? What takes place at these points? (Use the figure on the next page to assist in your
explanation.)
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27. What is crossing over? What is the result of crossing over?
28. Compare the timing of meiosis in males and females.
29. Summarize the concept and outcome of independent assortment.
30. What is the final products of meiosis I and meiosis II?
STOP & WATCH Bozeman Phases of Meiosis https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=16enC385R0w
31. Describe the following meiotic errors and give an example of each type.
a) Nondisjunction –
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b) Polyploidy –
c) Translocation-
Concept 7.5 Programmed Cell Death Is a Necessary Process in Living Organisms
1. Define necrosis.
2. Define apoptosis and list the two reasons why it would occur.
3. Describe the typical chain of events of apoptosis. How does this differ in plant cells?
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